Department of Psychology, Simmons College, 300 The Fenway, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2018 Jun;7(2):39-48. doi: 10.1007/s13668-018-0227-0.
Evidence suggests that flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds found in many plant-derived foods, such as berries, may allay cognitive impairment. We review recent research exploring the protective effects of flavonoids on age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders in humans and animals. We also address the mechanisms by which flavonoids may exert their effects and promising avenues of future research.
Flavonoids have been found to decrease neuroinflammation, reduce oxidative stress, and mediate neuroplasticity in animal models of neurodegeneration and aging. Injecting flavonoids encased in metal nanoparticles may further enhance the efficacy of flavonoids. Animal studies also demonstrate that flavonoid supplementation may alleviate neurodegenerative cognitive and memory impairments. Limited human studies, however, demonstrate the need for further clinical research investigating flavonoids. Flavonoid supplementation, as well as dietary modification to include whole foods high in flavonoids, may provide therapeutic potential for aging individuals experiencing cognitive deficits resulting from neurodegeneration.
有证据表明，黄酮类化合物是一种存在于多种植物性食物（如浆果）中的多酚化合物，可能有助于缓解认知障碍。我们综述了近期关于黄酮类化合物对人类和动物与年龄相关的认知衰退和神经退行性疾病的保护作用的研究。我们还探讨了黄酮类化合物发挥作用的机制以及未来有前景的研究方向。
黄酮类化合物已被发现可减少神经炎症、减轻氧化应激，并在神经退行性变和衰老动物模型中调节神经可塑性。将黄酮类化合物包裹在金属纳米粒子中进行注射可能进一步增强黄酮类化合物的功效。动物研究还表明，黄酮类化合物的补充可能减轻神经退行性认知和记忆障碍。然而，有限的人体研究表明需要进一步进行临床研究来调查黄酮类化合物。黄酮类化合物的补充以及包括富含黄酮类化合物的全食物在内的饮食改变，可能为因神经退行性变而出现认知缺陷的老年个体提供治疗潜力。
