Suzuki Iku, Okuda Masayuki, Tanaka Maki, Inoue Shigeru, Tanaka Shigeho, Tanaka Chiaki
School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan.
Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan.
Pediatr Int. 2018 Aug;60(8):727-734. doi: 10.1111/ped.13616.
An accurate description of physical activity (PA) at school is required for appropriate health interventions. We examined PA patterns in children, and identified the time periods that influenced them.
Forty students in five Japanese primary schools were asked to wear triaxial accelerometers for ≥7 days. We obtained coefficients of variance (CV) at 15 min intervals, and conducted factor analysis of the school periods. A questionnaire was used to investigate where students spent time before school, and during recess.
The amount of PA, and its CV were higher around 8 a.m. (before-school period), 10 a.m. (morning recess), 1 p.m. (lunch recess), and 4 p.m. (commuting home from school). Moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA; ≥3.0 metabolic equivalent units [MET]) was highest during lunch recess and the after-school period (12.9 ± 7.4 min and 12.6 ± 6.2 min, respectively). The percentage of MVPA time was high (>15%) in the before-school period and morning and lunch recesses, but low (10%) in the after-school period. On factor analysis there were differences in PA patterns between the school period and the after-school period. The students who spent their time in the playground logged more MVPA time and less sedentary time (≤1.5 MET) than those who did not spend their time in the playground.
Activities before school, and in the morning and lunch recesses influenced daily PA, and were different from after-school PA. Close attention to these periods may help in defining PA parameters during free time at school for PA interventions in children.
为了实施适当的健康干预措施，需要准确描述学校中的身体活动（PA）情况。我们研究了儿童的PA模式，并确定了对其有影响的时间段。
日本五所小学的40名学生被要求佩戴三轴加速度计≥7天。我们以15分钟为间隔获取方差系数（CV），并对在校时间段进行因子分析。通过问卷调查来调查学生在上学前和课间休息时的活动地点。
上午8点左右（上学前时段）、上午10点（上午课间休息）、下午1点（午餐课间休息）和下午4点（放学回家途中）的PA量及其CV较高。中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA；≥3.0代谢当量单位[MET]）在午餐课间休息和放学后时段最高（分别为12.9±7.4分钟和12.6±6.2分钟）。MVPA时间百分比在上学前时段以及上午和午餐课间休息时较高（>15%），但在放学后时段较低（10%）。因子分析显示，在校时段和放学后时段的PA模式存在差异。在操场活动的学生比不在操场活动的学生有更多的MVPA时间和更少的久坐时间（≤1.5 MET）。
上学前、上午和午餐课间休息时的活动会影响每日PA，且与放学后的PA不同。密切关注这些时段可能有助于确定儿童在学校自由活动时间的PA参数，以便进行PA干预。
