The Foundation for Medical Research, 84A, R.G. Thadani Marg, Worli, Mumbai 400 018, India.
St Johns Research Institute, 100 Feet Rd, John Nagar, Koramangala, Bangalore 560 034, India.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jun 12;15(6):1247. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15061247.
In the current study, ceftazidime- and ciprofloxacin-resistant—or dual drug-resistant (DDR)— were isolated from river Mula-Mutha, which flows through rural Pune district and Pune city. The DDR were further examined for antibiotic resistance to six additional antibiotics. The study also included detection of genes responsible for ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin resistance and vectors for horizontal gene transfer. Twenty-eight percent of the identified DDR were resistant to more than six antibiotics, with 12% being resistant to all eight antibiotics tested. Quinolone resistance was determined through the detection of , , and genes, whereas cephalosporin resistance was confirmed through detection of TEM, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-27 and SHV genes. Out of 219 DDR , 8.2% were positive and 0.4% were positive. Percentage of isolates positive for the TEM, CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-27 genes were 32%, 46% and 0.9%, respectively. None of the DDR tested carried the , SHV and genes. Percentage of DDR carrying Class 1 and 2 integrons (mobile genetic elements) were 47% and 8%, respectively. The results showed that antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and integrons were present in the isolated from the river at points adjoining and downstream of Pune city.
在当前的研究中，从流经浦那农村地区和浦那市的默拉-穆塔河分离出了对头孢他啶和环丙沙星耐药的——或双重耐药（DDR）——。进一步检测了 DDR 对另外六种抗生素的耐药性。该研究还包括检测负责头孢他啶和环丙沙星耐药的基因以及水平基因转移的载体。28%的鉴定 DDR 对超过六种抗生素具有耐药性，其中 12%对所有 8 种测试抗生素均具有耐药性。通过检测 、 、 和 基因确定了喹诺酮类耐药性，而通过检测 TEM、CTX-M-15、CTX-M-27 和 SHV 基因确定了头孢菌素类耐药性。在 219 株 DDR 中，8.2%为 阳性，0.4%为 阳性。TEM、CTX-M-15 和 CTX-M-27 基因阳性的分离株百分比分别为 32%、46%和 0.9%。没有一株 DDR 携带 、SHV 和 基因。携带 1 类和 2 类整合子（移动遗传元件）的 DDR 百分比分别为 47%和 8%。结果表明，来自浦那市毗邻和下游河流的分离株中存在抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）和整合子。
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