Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD.
Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD.
Photochem Photobiol. 2018 Nov;94(6):1297-1307. doi: 10.1111/php.12964. Epub 2018 Aug 6.
Solar ultraviolet radiation is the primary risk factor for skin cancers and sun-related eye disorders. Estimates of individual ambient ultraviolet irradiance derived from ground-based solar measurements and from satellite measurements have rarely been compared. Using self-reported residential history from 67 189 persons in a nationwide occupational US radiologic technologists' cohort, we estimated ambient solar irradiance using data from ground-based meters and noontime satellite measurements. The mean distance moved from city of longest residence in childhood increased from 137.6 km at ages 13-19 to 870.3 km at ages ≥65, with corresponding increases in absolute latitude difference moved. At ages 20/40/60/80, the Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients of ground-based and satellite-derived potential solar ultraviolet exposure, using irradiance and cumulative radiant exposure metrics, were high (=0.87-0.92). There was also moderate correlation (Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients = 0.51-0.60) between irradiance at birth and at last-known address, for ground-based and satellite data. Satellite-based lifetime estimates of ultraviolet radiation were generally 14-15% lower than ground-based estimates, albeit with substantial uncertainties, possibly because ground-based estimates incorporate fluctuations in cloud and ozone, which are incompletely incorporated in the single noontime satellite-overpass ultraviolet value. If confirmed elsewhere, the findings suggest that ground-based estimates may improve exposure assessment accuracy and potentially provide new insights into ultraviolet radiation-disease relationships in epidemiologic studies.
太阳紫外线辐射是皮肤癌和与太阳有关的眼部疾病的主要危险因素。基于地面的太阳测量和卫星测量得出的个体环境紫外线辐照度估计值很少进行比较。利用全美职业放射技师队列中 67189 人的自我报告居住史，我们使用地面计和正午卫星测量数据来估计环境太阳辐照度。从童年时期最长居住城市的平均迁移距离从 13 至 19 岁时的 137.6 公里增加到≥65 岁时的 870.3 公里，相应的绝对纬度差也增加了。在 20/40/60/80 岁时，使用辐照度和累积辐射暴露指标，地面和卫星衍生潜在太阳紫外线暴露的 Pearson/Spearman 相关系数较高（=0.87-0.92）。对于地面和卫星数据，出生时和上次已知地址的辐照度之间也存在中度相关性（Pearson/Spearman 相关系数=0.51-0.60）。基于卫星的终生紫外线辐射估计值通常比基于地面的估计值低 14-15%，尽管存在很大的不确定性，这可能是因为地面估计值包含了云层和臭氧的波动，而这些波动在单次正午卫星过境紫外线值中并未完全包含。如果在其他地方得到证实，这些发现表明，基于地面的估计值可能会提高暴露评估的准确性，并有可能为流行病学研究中紫外线辐射与疾病的关系提供新的见解。
