Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
Poult Sci. 2018 Jul 1;97(7):2543-2556. doi: 10.3382/ps/pey112.
This study evaluated the effects of Bacillus subtilis CGMCC 1.921 supplementation on the production performance, cecal microbiota and mucosal transcriptome of laying hens by 16s rRNA gene sequencing and RNA-seq. A total of 144 27-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were allocated into two treatments, namely, a basal diet without additions (T0) and the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 × 108 cfu/g (T1) B. subtilis CGMCC 1.921, with six replicates of 12 birds in each for 24 weeks. The results showed that T1 significantly decreased feed:egg ratio compared with T0 (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with B. subtilis CGMCC 1.921 increased the Shannon index (P < 0.05) which indicated enhanced diversity of cecal microflora. An increasing trend in Observed species index (P = 0.072) was observed in hens fed with diets supplemented with B. subtilis CGMCC 1.921 that showed a higher species richness. And T1 modulated cecal microbiota by increasing the relative proportion of Alistipes, Subdoligranulum, Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Anaerotruncus, Ruminiclostridium 5, Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, Erysipelatoclostridium, Ruminococcaceae UCG-009, Family XIII AD3011 group, Bacillus, Faecalicoccus, Firmicutes bacterium CAG822, Oxalobacter, and Dielma at genus level (P < 0.05). In addition, there was a tendency of increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus (P = 0.055), Anaerobiospirillum (P = 0.059) and Family XIII UCG-001 (P = 0.054), Peptococcus (P = 0.078), and Ruminococcaceae UCG-004 (P = 0.078). Moreover, heatmap analysis indicated that the abundance of Campylobacter and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 was lower than T0. A total of 942 genes were identified by differential expression analysis, among which 400 genes were upregulated and 542 genes were downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the upregulated genes were involved in Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, starch and sucrose metabolism, glycine/serine/threonine metabolism, and galactose metabolism, which may promote nutrient absorption. This study provided novel insights into the probiotic mechanisms of B. subtilis on laying hens.
本研究通过 16s rRNA 基因测序和 RNA-seq 评估枯草芽孢杆菌 CGMCC 1.921 补充对产蛋鸡生产性能、盲肠微生物群和黏膜转录组的影响。将 144 只 27 周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡分为两组，即基础日粮组（T0）和基础日粮添加 1.0×108cfu/g 枯草芽孢杆菌 CGMCC 1.921 组（T1），每组 6 个重复，每个重复 12 只鸡，共 24 周。结果表明，与 T0 相比，T1 显著降低了饲料：蛋比（P＜0.05）。日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌 CGMCC 1.921 增加了 Shannon 指数（P＜0.05），表明盲肠微生物群的多样性增加。在饲喂添加枯草芽孢杆菌 CGMCC 1.921 的日粮的母鸡中，观察到物种指数（P=0.072）呈上升趋势，表明物种丰富度更高。T1 通过增加 Alistipes、Subdoligranulum、Ruminococcaceae UCG-014、Anaerotruncus、Ruminiclostridium 5、Ruminococcaceae UCG-010、Erysipelatoclostridium、Ruminococcaceae UCG-009、Family XIII AD3011 组、芽孢杆菌、粪肠球菌、厚壁菌门细菌 CAG822、氧化乙酸杆菌和 Dielma 等属的相对比例来调节盲肠微生物群（P＜0.05）。此外，乳杆菌（P=0.055）、厌氧螺旋菌（P=0.059）和 Family XIII UCG-001（P=0.054）、消化球菌（P=0.078）和 Ruminococcaceae UCG-004（P=0.078）的相对丰度有增加的趋势。此外，热图分析表明，空肠弯曲菌和严格梭菌 1 的丰度低于 T0。通过差异表达分析共鉴定出 942 个基因，其中 400 个基因上调，542 个基因下调。生物信息学分析表明，上调基因参与过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）信号通路、淀粉和蔗糖代谢、甘氨酸/丝氨酸/苏氨酸代谢和半乳糖代谢，这可能促进营养吸收。本研究为枯草芽孢杆菌对蛋鸡的益生菌机制提供了新的见解。
