Academy of State Administration of Grain, Beijing 100037, P. R. China.
Poult Sci. 2019 Jul 1;98(7):2880-2887. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez033.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of microencapsulted Enterococcus faecalis (MEF) and the extract of Camellia oleifera seed (ECOS) on laying performance, serum biochemical parameters, and cecal microflora diversity in laying hens. A total of 180 Hy-Line Brown laying hens, 26-wk-old, were randomly allocated to 6 treatments with 10 replicates and 3 hens per replicate. Dietary treatments were as follows: (A) control group, basal diet; (B) basal diet + 100 mg MEF/kg diet (1 × 1010 cfu/g MEF); (C) basal diet + 300 mg ECOS/kg diet; (D) basal diet + 100 mg MEF/kg diet + 300 mg ECOS/kg diet; (E) basal diet + 500 mg ECOS/kg diet; (F) basal diet + 100 mg MEF/kg diet + 500 mg ECOS/kg diet. The results showed that diets supplemented with MEF and ECOS had no significant effects on laying rate, average egg size, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, eggshell thickness, albumen height, and yolk color (P > 0.05), but had significant effects on egg shape index, eggshell strength, and Haugh unit (P < 0.05) during whole feeding phases. Compared to the control group, the serum IgA and IgG levels of birds in Group F significantly increased (P < 0.05). The serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total triglyceride, and blood urea nitrogen levels of birds in Group D and Group F significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of birds in Group D and Group F significantly increased (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, Firmicutes decreased (P < 0.05) and Bacteroidetes increased (P < 0.05) in the birds of Group D. Ruminococcus and Bacteroides were significantly affected by dietary treatments (P < 0.05), and Bacteroides in the birds of Group D significantly increased at the genus level. Therefore, diet supplemented with MEF and ECOS can significantly improve serum biochemical parameters and increase cecal microflora diversity.
本研究旨在探讨微囊包被屎肠球菌（MEF）和油茶籽提取物（ECOS）对产蛋鸡生产性能、血清生化参数和盲肠微生物多样性的影响。将 180 只 26 周龄海兰褐蛋鸡随机分为 6 个处理组，每组 10 个重复，每个重复 3 只鸡。日粮处理如下：（A）对照组，基础日粮；（B）基础日粮+100mg MEF/kg 日粮（1×1010cfu/g MEF）；（C）基础日粮+300mg ECOS/kg 日粮；（D）基础日粮+100mg MEF/kg 日粮+300mg ECOS/kg 日粮；（E）基础日粮+500mg ECOS/kg 日粮；（F）基础日粮+100mg MEF/kg 日粮+500mg ECOS/kg 日粮。结果表明，日粮中添加 MEF 和 ECOS 对产蛋率、蛋重、平均日采食量、料蛋比、蛋壳厚度、蛋白高度和蛋黄颜色无显著影响（P＞0.05），但对蛋形指数、蛋壳强度和哈夫单位有显著影响（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比，第 F 组鸡血清 IgA 和 IgG 水平显著升高（P＜0.05）。第 D 组和第 F 组鸡血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总三酰甘油和血尿素氮水平显著降低（P＜0.05），第 D 组和第 F 组鸡血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著升高（P＜0.05）。在门水平上，厚壁菌门减少（P＜0.05），拟杆菌门增加（P＜0.05）。瘤胃球菌和拟杆菌属受日粮处理的显著影响（P＜0.05），且第 D 组鸡的拟杆菌属显著增加。因此，日粮中添加 MEF 和 ECOS 可以显著改善血清生化参数，增加盲肠微生物多样性。
