University of Tennessee, Chattanooga.
University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
J Athl Train. 2018 Jun;53(6):560-567. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-426-16. Epub 2018 Jun 13.
Greater passive hip range of motion (ROM) has been associated with greater dynamic knee valgus and thus the potential for increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Normative data for passive hip ROM by sex are lacking.
To establish and compare passive hip ROM values by sex and sport and to quantify side-to-side differences in internal-rotation ROM (ROM), external-rotation ROM (ROM), and total ROM (ROM).
Cross-sectional study.
Station-based, preparticipation screening.
A total of 339 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes, consisting of 168 women (age = 19.2 ± 1.2 years, height = 169.0 ± 7.2 cm, mass = 65.3 ± 10.2 kg) and 171 men (age = 19.4 ± 1.3 years, height = 200.0 ± 8.6 cm, mass = 78.4 ± 12.0 kg) in 6 sports screened over 3 years: soccer (58 women, 67 men), tennis (20 women, 22 men), basketball (28 women, 22 men), softball or baseball (38 women, 31 men), cross-country (18 women, 19 men), and golf (6 women, 10 men).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Passive hip ROM was measured with the athlete lying prone with the hip abducted to 20° to 30° and knee flexed to 90°. The leg was passively internally and externally rotated until the point of sacral movement. Three measures were averaged for each direction and leg and used for analysis. We compared ROM, ROM, ROM (ROM = ROM + ROM), and relative ROM (ROM = ROM - ROM) between sexes and among sports using separate 2 × 6 repeated-measures analyses of variance.
Women had greater ROM (38.1° ± 8.2° versus 28.6° ± 8.4°; F = 91.74, P < .001), ROM (72.1° ± 10.6° versus 64.4° ± 10.1°; F = 33.47, P < .001), and ROM (1.5° ± 16.0° versus -7.6° ± 16.5°; F = 37.05, P < .001) than men but similar ROM (34.0° ± 12.2° versus 35.8° ± 11.5°; F = 1.65, P = .20) to men. Cross-country athletes exhibited greater ROM (37.0° ± 9.3° versus 30.9° ± 9.4° to 33.3° ± 9.5°; P = .001) and ROM (5.9° ± 18.3° versus -9.6° ± 16.9° to -2.7° ± 17.3°; P = .001) and less ROM (25.7° ± 7.5° versus 35.0° ± 13.0° to 40.2° ± 12.0°; P < .001) than basketball, soccer, softball or baseball, and tennis athletes. They also displayed less ROM (62.7° ± 8.1° versus 70.0° ± 9.1° to 72.9° ± 11.9°; P < .001) than basketball, softball or baseball, and tennis athletes.
Women had greater ROM than men, resulting in greater ROM and ROM. Researchers should examine the extent to which this greater bias toward ROM may explain women's greater tendency for dynamic knee valgus. With the exception of cross-country, ROM values were similar across sports. The clinical implications of these aberrant cross-country values require further study.
更大的被动髋关节活动度（ROM）与更大的动态膝外翻有关，因此有增加前交叉韧带损伤的风险。缺乏关于性别和运动的被动髋关节 ROM 的正常数据。
建立和比较男女和运动的被动髋关节 ROM 值，并量化内旋 ROM（ROM）、外旋 ROM（ROM）和总 ROM（ROM）的侧间差异。
横断面研究。
基于站的，参赛前筛查。
共有 339 名美国大学生体育协会一级运动员，包括 168 名女性（年龄=19.2±1.2 岁，身高=169.0±7.2cm，体重=65.3±10.2kg）和 171 名男性（年龄=19.4±1.3 岁，身高=200.0±8.6cm，体重=78.4±12.0kg），参加了 3 年的 6 项运动筛查：足球（58 名女性，67 名男性）、网球（20 名女性，22 名男性）、篮球（28 名女性，22 名男性）、垒球或棒球（38 名女性，31 名男性）、越野（18 名女性，19 名男性）和高尔夫（6 名女性，10 名男性）。
采用运动员俯卧位，髋关节外展 20°-30°，膝关节屈曲 90°的方法测量被动髋关节 ROM。腿部被动内旋和外旋，直到骶骨移动。每个方向和腿部测量 3 次，取平均值进行分析。我们使用单独的 2×6 重复测量方差分析比较男女之间和运动之间的 ROM、ROM、ROM（ROM=ROM+ROM）和相对 ROM（ROM=ROM-ROM）。
女性的 ROM（38.1°±8.2°比 28.6°±8.4°；F=91.74，P<0.001）、ROM（72.1°±10.6°比 64.4°±10.1°；F=33.47，P<0.001）和 ROM（1.5°±16.0°比-7.6°±16.5°；F=37.05，P<0.001）均大于男性，但与男性的 ROM（34.0°±12.2°比 35.8°±11.5°；F=1.65，P=0.20）相似。越野运动员的 ROM（37.0°±9.3°比 30.9°±9.4°到 33.3°±9.5°；P=0.001）和 ROM（5.9°±18.3°比-9.6°±16.9°到-2.7°±17.3°；P=0.001）较小，ROM（25.7°±7.5°比 35.0°±13.0°到 40.2°±12.0°；P<0.001）小于篮球、足球、垒球或棒球和网球运动员。他们的 ROM（62.7°±8.1°比 70.0°±9.1°到 72.9°±11.9°；P<0.001）也小于篮球、垒球或棒球和网球运动员。
女性的 ROM 大于男性，导致更大的 ROM 和 ROM。研究人员应该研究这种更大的 ROM 偏向是否可以解释女性更大的动态膝外翻倾向的程度。除了越野，运动之间的 ROM 值相似。这些异常越野值的临床意义需要进一步研究。
