Saha Debalina, Marble S Chris, Pearson Brian J
Department of Environmental Horticulture, Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 May 30;9:733. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00733. eCollection 2018.
Use of organic mulch materials such as pinebark, pinestraw, or various hardwood chips for weed control is a common practice in residential and commercial landscapes. Mulch can inhibit weed seed germination and growth through light exclusion, acting as physical barrier, reducing available moisture to weed seeds within the mulch layer, and through release of allelochemicals that may inhibit germination or growth of some weed species. Previous and current research on allelopathic chemicals present in mulch have focused on cover crops and their residues with an emphasis on agronomic crops. These materials would not be suitable in a landscape setting due to rapid decomposition, lack of commercial availability, and little aesthetic appeal. Research is needed concerning identification, quantification, extraction, mechanism of release, persistence, selectivity, genetic regulation, and mode of action of potential allelochemicals present in mulch materials used for landscape purposes. More knowledge of these natural chemicals could aid practitioners and homeowners in the selection of mulch and identify potential new mulch materials that could be utilized in these industries. The purpose of this review is to summarize previous research pertaining to allelopathic compounds present in commonly used mulch materials and identify new potential mulch materials that could be utilized in the landscape sector based upon allelopathic properties. Current areas where additional research is needed are also identified.
使用有机覆盖材料（如松树皮、松针或各种硬木片）进行杂草控制是住宅和商业景观中的常见做法。覆盖物可以通过遮光、作为物理屏障、减少覆盖层内杂草种子可获得的水分以及释放可能抑制某些杂草物种发芽或生长的化感物质来抑制杂草种子的萌发和生长。以往和当前关于覆盖物中存在的化感化学物质的研究主要集中在覆盖作物及其残留物上，重点是农艺作物。由于这些材料分解迅速、缺乏商业可用性且美观性差，因此不适用于景观环境。需要对用于景观目的的覆盖材料中潜在的化感物质进行鉴定、定量、提取、释放机制、持久性、选择性、遗传调控和作用方式等方面的研究。对这些天然化学物质有更多了解可以帮助从业者和业主选择覆盖物，并识别可在这些行业中使用的潜在新覆盖材料。本综述的目的是总结以往关于常用覆盖材料中化感化合物的研究，并根据化感特性识别可用于景观领域的新的潜在覆盖材料。同时还确定了当前需要进一步研究的领域。
