在一个一般健康的黑人和白人女性样本中，种族、感知心理压力与肠道微生物群之间的关联：关于种族和感知心理压力作用的初步研究。
Associations Between Race, Perceived Psychological Stress, and the Gut Microbiota in a Sample of Generally Healthy Black and White Women: A Pilot Study on the Role of Race and Perceived Psychological Stress.
机构信息
From the Division of Preventive Medicine (Carson, Baskin), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center (Carson, Baskin), and Department of Biostatistics (Wang, Cui), School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Center for Outcomes Research (Jackson), JPS Health Network, Fort Worth, Texas; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (Jackson), UNT Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Fort Worth, Texas; and Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (Van Der Pol, Lefkowitz), and Department of Microbiology (Lefkowitz) and Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology (Morrow), University of Alabama at Birmingham.
出版信息
Psychosom Med. 2018 Sep;80(7):640-648. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000614.
OBJECTIVE
Racial health disparities persist among black and white women for colorectal cancer. Understanding racial differences in the gut microbiota and related covariates (e.g., stress) may yield new insight into unexplained colorectal cancer disparities.
METHODS
Healthy non-Hispanic black or white women (age ≥19 years) provided survey data, anthropometrics, and stool samples. Fecal DNA was collected and isolated from a wipe. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the V4 region of the 16SrRNA gene and 250 bases were sequenced using the MiSeq platform. Microbiome data were analyzed using QIIME. Operational taxonomic unit data were log transformed and normalized. Analyses were conducted using linear models in R Package "limma."
RESULTS
Fecal samples were analyzed for 80 women (M (SD) age = 39.9 (14.0) years, 47 black, 33 white). Blacks had greater average body mass index (33.3 versus 27.5 kg/m, p < .01) and waist circumference (98.3 versus 86.6 cm, p = .003) than whites. Whites reported more stressful life events (p = .026) and greater distress (p = .052) than blacks. Final models accounted for these differences. There were no significant differences in dietary variables. Unadjusted comparisons revealed no racial differences in alpha diversity. Racial differences were observed in beta diversity and abundance of top 10 operational taxonomic units. Blacks had higher abundances than whites of Faecalibacterium (p = .034) and Bacteroides (p = .038). Stress was associated with abundances of Bifidobacterium. The association between race and Bacteroides (logFC = 1.72, 0 = 0.020) persisted in fully adjusted models.
CONCLUSIONS
Racial differences in the gut microbiota were observed including higher Bacteroides among blacks. Efforts to cultivate an "ideal" gut microbiota may help reduce colorectal cancer risk.
目的
黑人和白人女性的结直肠癌仍存在种族健康差异。了解肠道微生物组和相关协变量（如压力）方面的种族差异，可能会深入了解结直肠癌差异的原因。
方法
健康的非西班牙裔黑人或白人女性（年龄≥19 岁）提供了调查数据、人体测量数据和粪便样本。从擦拭物中收集和分离粪便 DNA。使用聚合酶链反应扩增 16SrRNA 基因的 V4 区，使用 MiSeq 平台对 250 个碱基进行测序。使用 QIIME 分析微生物组数据。操作分类单位数据经过对数转换和标准化。使用 R 包“limma”中的线性模型进行分析。
结果
对 80 名女性（M（SD）年龄=39.9（14.0）岁，47 名黑人，33 名白人）的粪便样本进行了分析。黑人的平均体重指数（33.3 比 27.5kg/m，p<.01）和腰围（98.3 比 86.6cm，p=0.003）均高于白人。白人报告的生活压力事件（p=0.026）和压力更大（p=0.052）比黑人。最终模型考虑到了这些差异。在饮食变量方面没有显著差异。未经调整的比较显示，α多样性没有种族差异。β多样性和前 10 个操作分类单位的丰度存在种族差异。黑人 Faecalibacterium（p=0.034）和 Bacteroides（p=0.038）的丰度高于白人。压力与双歧杆菌的丰度有关。在完全调整后的模型中，种族与 Bacteroides 之间的关联（logFC=1.72，0=0.020）仍然存在。
结论
观察到肠道微生物组存在种族差异，包括黑人的 Bacteroides 较高。努力培养“理想”的肠道微生物组可能有助于降低结直肠癌风险。
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