Zhao Ran, Pan Hui, Gan Qian, Xu Peipei, Li Li, Hu Xiaoqi, Lin Shuang, Wang Tingting, Zhang Qian
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2018 Mar;47(2):232-241.
To evaluate the effects of two years'nutrition intervention with eggs and milk on the body composition of rural primary school students in Tianyang County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
Four intervention schools and four control schools were selected randomly from Tianyang County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Both intervention schools and control schools were similar in socialeconomic level, teaching standards, and school size. A total of 672 students(380students in the intervention group and 292 students in the control group)were recruited from the 2nd to the 4th Grade in primary school. Students in the intervention group were provided 200 g school milk and 50 g halogen eggs per school day. For students in the control group, no intervention was provided. Their height and weight were collected, and body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance method at baseline, after oneyear and two-year intervention. The mixed linear model of repeated measurements was adopted for the comparison of each index. According to their weights by gender and age at baseline, students were divided into low weight group, medium weight group, and high weight group. Changes in body composition of students in each weight groups after two years'intervention were analyzed.
The increase of lean body mass of the male students in the intervention group was 0. 5 kg higher compared to those in the control group after one-year intervention(t=3. 66, P<0. 001). However, the difference was not significant between two groups after two years of intervention. In terms of body fat, the intervention group gained 0. 2 kg more body fat after one year(t=2. 12, P=0. 034)and0. 5 kg more after two years(t=3. 23, P=0. 001)compared to the control group. Differences in body fat or lean body weight in boys between intervention and control group were still present after controlling age, height and weight. At the same time, those effects on lean body mass were only found among boys with low and medium baseline weight level, and the effects on body fat were found among boys with high weight level. No effects were found in girls neither after one year or two years of intervention.
Two-year supplementation with eggs and milk had promoted lean body weight increase and body fat increase of poor rural primary school male students in Guangxi. However, no significant effects were found in female students.
评估鸡蛋和牛奶两年营养干预对广西壮族自治区田阳县农村小学生身体成分的影响。
从广西壮族自治区田阳县随机选取4所干预学校和4所对照学校。干预学校和对照学校在社会经济水平、教学标准和学校规模方面相似。从小学二至四年级共招募672名学生（干预组380名学生，对照组292名学生）。干预组学生每天提供200克学校牛奶和50克卤鸡蛋。对照组学生不进行干预。在基线、干预1年和2年后收集他们的身高和体重，并采用生物电阻抗法测量身体成分。采用重复测量的混合线性模型对各项指标进行比较。根据基线时按性别和年龄划分的体重，将学生分为低体重组、中等体重组和高体重组。分析各体重组学生在两年干预后身体成分的变化。
干预1年后，干预组男生的去脂体重增加量比对照组高0.5千克（t = 3.66，P < 0.001）。然而，干预2年后两组之间的差异不显著。在体脂方面，与对照组相比，干预组1年后体脂增加0.2千克（t = 2.12，P = 0.034），2年后增加0.5千克（t = 3.23，P = 0.001）。在控制年龄、身高和体重后，干预组和对照组男孩的体脂或去脂体重差异仍然存在。同时，这些对去脂体重的影响仅在基线体重水平低和中等的男孩中发现，对体脂的影响在高体重水平的男孩中发现。干预1年或2年后，女生均未发现有影响。
鸡蛋和牛奶两年的补充促进了广西贫困农村小学男生去脂体重增加和体脂增加。然而，未发现对女生有显著影响。
