Amini Maryam, Djazayery Abolghassem, Majdzadeh Reza, Taghdisi Mohammad-Hossein, Sadrzadeh-Yeganeh Haleh, Abdollahi Zahra, Hosseinpour-Niazi Nasrin, Chamari Maryam, Nourmohammadi Mahdieh
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Current address: Department of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Biol Res Nurs. 2016 Oct;18(5):531-40. doi: 10.1177/1099800416654261. Epub 2016 Jun 29.
This study evaluated the effect of an intervention for reducing excess weight gain in primary school-age children in Tehran.
A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in 12 primary schools in Tehran. Three hundred thirty-four pupils, 167 in the intervention and 167 in the comparison group, determined to be overweight or obese based on World Health Organization standards, were recruited for the study. The intervention included nutrition education and increased physical activity (PA) for the pupils, lifestyle modification for parents, and a change in food items sold at the schools' canteens. The entire intervention lasted approximately 18 weeks. Measures were taken before and immediately after the intervention.
The intervention significantly reduced body mass index Z-score and hip circumference (p = .003 and p < .001, respectively). Waist circumference increased in both groups, but the increase was higher in the comparison group (p = .001). No significant difference was seen in time spent on TV viewing between groups (p = .08). Vigorous PA increased in the intervention group (p < .001), while the comparison group showed an increase in moderate activity only (p < .001). Energy intake increased significantly in the intervention group (p < .001). Neither triceps skinfold thickness nor time spent on the computer changed in the intervention group (p = .51 and p = .1, respectively), while they increased in the comparison group (p < .001 and p = .004, respectively).
The study provides a successful model for the implementation of similar interventions throughout the country.
本研究评估了一项干预措施对德黑兰小学适龄儿童减少超重增加的效果。
在德黑兰的12所小学进行了一项整群随机对照试验。根据世界卫生组织标准，确定为超重或肥胖的334名学生被纳入研究，其中干预组167名，对照组167名。干预措施包括对学生进行营养教育和增加体育活动（PA）、改变家长的生活方式以及改变学校食堂出售的食品种类。整个干预持续约18周。在干预前后均采取了测量措施。
干预显著降低了体重指数Z评分和臀围（分别为p = 0.003和p < 0.001）。两组的腰围均增加，但对照组增加幅度更大（p = 0.001）。两组之间看电视的时间没有显著差异（p = 0.08）。干预组的剧烈PA增加（p < 0.001），而对照组仅中度活动增加（p < 0.001）。干预组的能量摄入显著增加（p < 0.001）。干预组的肱三头肌皮褶厚度和电脑使用时间均未改变（分别为p = 0.51和p = 0.1），而对照组则增加（分别为p < 0.001和p = 0.004）。
该研究为在全国实施类似干预措施提供了一个成功的模式。
