Han Feng, Kang Ning, Chen Yongqing, Dong Yiwen, Zhang Siyu
National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2018 Mar;47(2):266-269.
To assess the occupational health risk of pure methanol fuel( M100) during the methanol fuel pilot stage.
The subjects are workers who are exposed to M100 in pilot areas for methanol vehicles, southwest of China. Use field investigation and detection to get the information of production technology, exposure level of methanol and prevention measures and facilities. Use Singapore Occupational Exposure to Harmful Chemicals Semi-Quantitative Method to assess the health risk of the methanol. Use "Classification of occupational hazards at workplace " to classify the occupational hazard of methanol.
The main occupational hazard factor existing during the use procedure of M100 is methanol. The concentration of methanol in M100 filling station, methanol automobile repair shop and methanol automobile driver 's cab( up to47. 90 mg/m3) and main methanol exposure post( up to 10. 25 mg/m3) are accord with occupational exposure limit. According to the methanol occupational health riskassessment result, the risk of filling worker( R = 2. 4), methanol loade( R = 2. 0) r and maintenance worker( R = 2. 0) are low, and the risk of the driver( R = 1. 4) is negligible risk, which are basically identical with the occupational hazard classification result.
Under the current production process and protection level, the occupational health risks of M100 can be controlled at low level. The chronic health effects and occupational exposure limit of methanol should be further studied.
评估甲醇燃料试点阶段纯甲醇燃料（M100）的职业健康风险。
研究对象为中国西南部甲醇汽车试点地区接触M100的工人。采用现场调查和检测获取生产工艺、甲醇接触水平及预防措施和设施等信息。运用新加坡有害化学物质职业接触半定量方法评估甲醇的健康风险。采用《工作场所职业危害分类》对甲醇的职业危害进行分类。
M100使用过程中存在的主要职业危害因素为甲醇。M100加油站、甲醇汽车维修店及甲醇汽车驾驶室中甲醇浓度（最高47.90mg/m³）和主要甲醇接触岗位（最高10.25mg/m³）均符合职业接触限值。根据甲醇职业健康风险评估结果，充装工（R = 2.4）、甲醇装卸工（R = 2.0）和维修工（R = 2.0）风险较低，驾驶员（R = 1.4）风险可忽略不计，与职业危害分类结果基本一致。
在当前生产工艺和防护水平下，M100的职业健康风险可控制在较低水平。甲醇的慢性健康影响及职业接触限值有待进一步研究。
