Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Maturitas. 2018 Jul;113:32-39. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.04.010. Epub 2018 Apr 25.
eHealth solutions are increasingly being applied to deliver interventions for promoting an active lifestyle in the general population but also in older people. Objective assessment of daily physical activity (PA) is essential to accurately and reliably evaluate the effectiveness of such interventions. This review presents an overview of eHealth interventions that focus on promoting PA in community-dwelling older people, and discusses the methods used to objectively assess PA, and the effectiveness of the eHealth interventions in increasing PA. The twelve eHealth intervention studies that met our inclusion criteria used a variety of digital solutions, ranging from solely the use of an accelerometer or text messages, to interactive websites with access to (animated) coaches and peer support. Besides evaluating the effectiveness of an intervention on objectively assessed PA, all interventions also included continuous self-monitoring of PA as part of the intervention. Procedures for the collection and analysis of PA data varied across studies; five studies used pedometers to objectively assess PA and seven used tri-axial accelerometers. Main reported outcomes were daily step counts and minutes spent on PA. The current evidence seems to point to a positive short-term effect of increased PA (i.e. right after administering the intervention), but evidence for long-term effects is lacking. Many studies were underpowered to detect any intervention effects, and therefore larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to provide evidence on sustaining the PA increases that follow eHealth interventions in older people.
电子健康解决方案越来越多地被应用于为普通人群（包括老年人）促进积极生活方式的干预措施。客观评估日常身体活动（PA）对于准确、可靠地评估此类干预措施的效果至关重要。本文综述了专注于促进社区居住老年人身体活动的电子健康干预措施，并讨论了用于客观评估 PA 的方法，以及电子健康干预措施在增加 PA 方面的有效性。符合我们纳入标准的 12 项电子健康干预研究使用了各种数字解决方案，范围从仅使用加速度计或短信，到具有访问（动画）教练和同伴支持的互动网站。除了评估干预措施对客观评估的 PA 的有效性外，所有干预措施还包括将 PA 的持续自我监测作为干预措施的一部分。PA 数据的收集和分析程序在研究之间有所不同；五项研究使用计步器客观评估 PA，七项研究使用三轴加速度计。主要报告的结果是每天的步数和 PA 分钟数。目前的证据似乎表明，PA 的短期增加（即在实施干预措施后立即）有积极的效果，但缺乏长期效果的证据。许多研究的效力不足以检测到任何干预效果，因此需要进行更大规模、随访时间更长的研究，以提供有关电子健康干预措施对老年人 PA 增加的持续效果的证据。
