Kay B H, Young P L, Hall R A, Fanning I D
Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci. 1985 Feb;63 ( Pt 1):109-26. doi: 10.1038/icb.1985.13.
A total of 142 young animals including 10 domestic and 14 feral pigs, 12 Hereford calves, 12 crossbred and 24 Merino lambs, 11 dogs, 8 domestic and 16 feral rabbits, 14 Grey kangaroos, 9 Agile wallabies and 12 chickens was exposed to infection with 4 strains of Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVE), mainly using orally infected Culex annulirostris mosquitoes. In terms of their viraemic response, the animals were grouped into high (Grey kangaroos, rabbits), moderate (pigs, dogs, chickens) and low (calves, lambs, Agile wallabies). Recipient Cx annulirostris induced to bite these animals 1-7 d post-inoculation exhibited infection rates up to 95% but usually were much lower. Some animals in which virus was not detected by intracerebral inoculation of suckling mice were capable of infecting up to 5% Cx annulirostris. Haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody (HI) was of high titre and persistent in rabbits and Grey kangaroos but moderated in others, e.g., cattle, sheep, Agile wallabies to be transient and of low titre. Cattle and Merino lambs were often completely non-responsive. This study increases the range of vertebrates that could be considered as maintenance or amplifying hosts of MVE and, on the basis of their HI antibody responses, evaluates them as potential sentinels of infection in Australia.
总共142只幼龄动物，包括10只家猪和14只野猪、12头赫里福德小牛、12只杂交羊和24只美利奴羔羊、11只狗、8只家兔和16只野兔、14只灰袋鼠、9只沙袋鼠和12只鸡，主要通过经口感染环喙库蚊，接触4株墨累谷脑炎病毒（MVE）。根据它们的病毒血症反应，这些动物被分为高反应组（灰袋鼠、兔子）、中反应组（猪、狗、鸡）和低反应组（小牛、羔羊、沙袋鼠）。在接种后1 - 7天被诱导叮咬这些动物的受体环喙库蚊，感染率高达95%，但通常要低得多。一些通过接种乳鼠脑内未检测到病毒的动物，能够感染高达5%的环喙库蚊。血凝抑制抗体（HI）在兔子和灰袋鼠中滴度高且持续存在，但在其他动物中，如牛、羊、沙袋鼠中则减弱，呈短暂性且滴度低。牛和美利奴羔羊通常完全无反应。本研究增加了可被视为MVE维持宿主或扩增宿主的脊椎动物范围，并根据它们的HI抗体反应，将它们评估为澳大利亚潜在的感染哨兵。
