Malmenholt Ann, McAllister Anita, Lohmander Anette
1 Division of Speech and Language Pathology, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
2 Functional Area Speech Language Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2019 Mar;56(3):321-330. doi: 10.1177/1055665618783154. Epub 2018 Jun 15.
To explore and describe orofacial function in 5-year-old children born with clefts affecting the palate and to investigate potential relationship with articulation proficiency and intelligibility.
A prospective cohort study of 88 consecutive patients born with cleft lip and palate (CLP) between July 2009 and June 2011.
Excluding internationally adopted children and children with no speech production resulted in 52 children with different cleft types and additional malformations, examined at age 5. Data on orofacial function were available for 43 children.
Screening of orofacial function resulted in a profile and a total score, narrow phonetic transcription of test consonants produced a percentage of consonants correct (PCC) score, and ratings of intelligibility by speech and language pathologists (SLPs) and by parents gave 2 estimates. Inter- and intra-transcriber agreement was calculated.
Orofacial dysfunction was found in 37% of children, with results not significantly different between cleft types but significantly more frequent than in children born without CLP. Age-appropriate articulation proficiency was found in 39%, 49% presented below -2 standard deviations. Just above 50% had good intelligibility and were always understood by different communication partners according to both SLP and parent ratings. No significant correlation was found between orofacial dysfunction and PCC or intelligibility.
Orofacial dysfunction was not found to be an explanatory factor for speech outcome in children born with CLP.
探讨并描述腭裂患儿5岁时的口面部功能，并研究其与发音熟练度和可懂度之间的潜在关系。
对2009年7月至2011年6月期间连续出生的88例唇腭裂（CLP）患儿进行前瞻性队列研究。
排除国际收养儿童和无言语产出的儿童后，52例患有不同腭裂类型及其他畸形的儿童在5岁时接受检查。43例儿童有口面部功能数据。
口面部功能筛查得出一份概况和一个总分，对测试辅音进行精细语音转录得出辅音正确率（PCC）得分，言语和语言病理学家（SLP）以及家长对可懂度的评分给出两个评估值。计算转录者间和转录者内的一致性。
37%的儿童存在口面部功能障碍，不同腭裂类型之间的结果无显著差异，但比非唇腭裂出生的儿童更频繁。39%的儿童发音熟练度符合年龄标准，49%低于-2标准差。略高于50%的儿童有良好的可懂度，根据SLP和家长的评分，不同沟通伙伴总能理解他们的话语。未发现口面部功能障碍与PCC或可懂度之间存在显著相关性。
未发现口面部功能障碍是唇腭裂患儿言语结果的解释因素。
