Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Maturitas. 2018 Aug;114:14-21. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.05.001. Epub 2018 May 16.
Nutrition is a modifiable factor affecting the quality of life and independence of older people. The physiological, psychological and social changes during aging affect their dietary choices. Many older adults have inadequate energy and protein intake. Carbohydrate intake and intake of total lipids, in terms of contribution to total energy intake, generally are within the recommended levels, but a decline in overall energy intake as well as the limited variety of micronutrient-dense foods that older people tend to consume result in an inadequate intake of several micronutrients. Adherence to healthy dietary patterns has been described as only moderate among older adults. Health-care practitioners should educate older people and promote healthy diets, in particular adequate energy and protein intake.
营养是影响老年人生活质量和独立性的可改变因素。衰老过程中的生理、心理和社会变化会影响他们的饮食选择。许多老年人的能量和蛋白质摄入不足。就总能量摄入而言，碳水化合物的摄入量和总脂肪摄入量一般都在推荐范围内，但由于总体能量摄入减少以及老年人倾向于食用的富含微量营养素的食物种类有限，导致一些微量营养素的摄入量不足。健康饮食模式的坚持情况在老年人中被描述为仅为中等水平。医疗保健从业者应教育老年人并促进健康饮食，特别是摄入足够的能量和蛋白质。
