Shin Kyung-Tae, Guo Jing, Niu Ying-Jie, Cui Xiang-Shun
Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-rol, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China.
Theriogenology. 2018 Sep 15;118:157-163. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.06.002. Epub 2018 Jun 8.
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a type of mycotoxin produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. AFB1 is considered as the most toxic mycotoxin owing to its toxic effect on health. In the present study, the toxic effect of AFB1 on early porcine embryonic development and its possible mechanism were investigated. Blastocyst formation was impaired with treatment of 1 nM AFB1 compared with control, 0.01, 0.1 group (40.13 ± 2.10%, 28.21 ± 1.62%, 32.34 ± 2.07% vs 19.01 ± 1.06%). Further study showed that the presence of AFB1 induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). And excessive ROS caused DNA damage which confirmed by the comet assay. Additionally, AFB1 also disrupted the DNA damage repair through the regulation of 53BP1. The AFB1 treatment significantly increased the γH2A foci and decreased the 53BP1 foci. TUNEL assay confirmed the generation of apoptosis, further resulting in the occurrence of autophagy. Moreover, AFB1 significantly increased the expression of pro-apoptosis genes Bax and Casp3 and reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic genes Bcl2 and Bcl-xl. In addition, the AFB1 also significantly increased the expression of autophagy related genes Lc3 and Beclin1. The presence of AFB1 significantly impaired the cell proliferation, a parameter of blastocyst quality for outgrowth. These results showed that the presence of AFB1 impaired porcine early embryonic development through oxidative stress, as well as DNA damage and repair, apoptosis, autophagy.
黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）是由黄曲霉和寄生曲霉产生的一种霉菌毒素。由于其对健康的毒性作用，AFB1被认为是毒性最强的霉菌毒素。在本研究中，研究了AFB1对猪早期胚胎发育的毒性作用及其可能的机制。与对照组、0.01、0.1组相比，用1 nM AFB1处理后囊胚形成受到损害（40.13±2.10%、28.21±1.62%、32.34±2.07%对19.01±1.06%）。进一步研究表明，AFB1的存在诱导了活性氧（ROS）的产生。彗星试验证实过量的ROS导致了DNA损伤。此外，AFB1还通过调节53BP1破坏了DNA损伤修复。AFB1处理显著增加了γH2A焦点并减少了53BP1焦点。TUNEL试验证实了凋亡的产生，进而导致了自噬的发生。此外，AFB1显著增加了促凋亡基因Bax和Casp3的表达，降低了抗凋亡基因Bcl2和Bcl-xl的表达。此外，AFB1还显著增加了自噬相关基因Lc3和Beclin1的表达。AFB1的存在显著损害了细胞增殖，这是囊胚质量用于体外生长的一个参数。这些结果表明，AFB1的存在通过氧化应激以及DNA损伤与修复、凋亡、自噬损害了猪早期胚胎发育。
