Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade, 11 080, Serbia.
Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 1060, Serbia.
Environ Geochem Health. 2019 Feb;41(1):249-266. doi: 10.1007/s10653-018-0138-4. Epub 2018 Jun 16.
Extreme flooding in May, 2014 affected the sub-catchments of six major rivers in Serbia. The goal of the study was to evaluate the contents of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn in flood sediments and arable soils within the affected sub-catchments using regulatory guidelines and background levels. The sub-catchment of West Morava was selected to assess the degree of sediments and soils contamination and environmental risk [using the Pollution index (P), Enrichment factor, Geo-accumulation index, and Potential ecological risk index (PERI)] as well as to identify main PTEs sources by Principal component (PCA) and cluster analysis. Contents of Ni, Cr, As, Pb, and Cu above both guidelines and background levels, and of Zn and Cd above background levels were detected in the sediments and soils from all the sub-catchments. P indicted that about 95% of the soils and sediments were extremely polluted by Ni and about 65% slightly polluted by Cr, whereas about 90% were not polluted by As, Cd, Pb, Cu, or Zn. E indicated minor to moderate enrichment of the soils and sediments by Ni, and Cr. PCA differentiated a geogenic origin of Ni, Cr, As, and Pb, a mixed origin of Cd and Zn, and a predominantly anthropogenic origin of Cu. PERI of the soils and sediments suggested a low overall multi-element ecological risk. The ecological risk of the individual elements (E ) for soils was Zn < Cr < Pb < Ni < Cu < As < Cd.
2014 年 5 月，塞尔维亚的 6 条主要河流的次流域遭遇了极端洪灾。本研究的目的是使用监管指南和背景水平，评估受洪灾影响的次流域内洪水沉积物和耕地土壤中潜在有毒元素（PTEs）砷（As）、镉（Cd）、铅（Pb）、铬（Cr）、镍（Ni）、铜（Cu）和锌（Zn）的含量。选取西摩拉瓦次流域来评估沉积物和土壤污染程度及环境风险[采用污染指数（P）、富集因子、地积累指数和潜在生态风险指数（PERI）]，并通过主成分（PCA）和聚类分析来识别主要 PTEs 来源。所有次流域的沉积物和土壤中的 Ni、Cr、As、Pb 和 Cu 的含量均高于指南和背景水平，Zn 和 Cd 的含量高于背景水平。P 指示约 95%的土壤和沉积物受 Ni 严重污染，约 65%的土壤和沉积物受 Cr 轻度污染，而约 90%的土壤和沉积物不受 As、Cd、Pb、Cu 或 Zn 污染。E 指示 Ni 和 Cr 对土壤和沉积物有轻微到中度的富集。PCA 区分了 Ni、Cr、As 和 Pb 的地球成因起源、Cd 和 Zn 的混合起源以及 Cu 的主要人为起源。土壤和沉积物的 PERI 表明整体多元素生态风险较低。单个元素（E）对土壤的生态风险为 Zn<Cr<Pb<Ni<Cu<As<Cd。
