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大专院校橄榄球运动员的剖析及不同位置组之间的差异

Profiling of Junior College Football Players and Differences between Position Groups.

作者信息

Lockie Robert G, Lazar Adrina, Orjalo Ashley J, Davis DeShaun L, Moreno Matthew R, Risso Fabrice G, Hank Matthew E, Stone Randal C, Mosich Nicholas W

机构信息

Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA.

Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330, USA.

出版信息

Sports (Basel). 2016 Aug 5;4(3):41. doi: 10.3390/sports4030041.

Abstract

This study profiled junior college football players. Sixty-two subjects completed vertical jump (VJ; height and peak power), standing broad jump (SBJ), 36.58 m sprint, pro-agility shuttle, three-cone drill, and maximal-repetition bench press and front squat. The sample included 2 quarterbacks (QB), 7 running backs (RB), 13 wide receivers (WR), 1 tight end (TE), 18 defensive backs (DB), 8 linebackers (LB), and 13 offensive and defensive linemen (LM). To investigate positional differences, subjects were split into skill (SK; WR, DB), big skill (BSK; QB, RB, TE, LB), and LM groups. A one-way ANOVA determined between-group differences. LM were taller and heavier than SK and BSK players. The SK and BSK groups were faster than LM in the 0⁻36.58 m sprint, pro-agility shuttle, and three-cone drill ( ≤ 0.009). The SK group had greater VJ height and SBJ distance; LM generated greater VJ peak power ( ≤ 0.022). There were no between-group differences in the strength endurance tests. Compared to Division I data, junior college players were smaller, slower, and performed worse in jump tests. Positional differences in junior college football are typical to that of established research. Junior college players should attempt to increase body mass, and improve speed and lower-body power.

摘要

本研究对大专院校橄榄球运动员进行了剖析。62名受试者完成了纵跳(VJ;高度和峰值功率)、立定跳远(SBJ)、36.58米短跑、敏捷性穿梭跑、三锥钻测试,以及卧推和前蹲的最大重复次数测试。样本包括2名四分卫(QB)、7名跑卫(RB)、13名外接手(WR)、1名近端锋(TE)、18名防守后卫(DB)、8名 linebacker(LB)以及13名进攻线卫和防守线卫(LM)。为了研究位置差异,受试者被分为技巧组(SK;WR、DB)、大技巧组(BSK;QB、RB、TE、LB)和LM组。单向方差分析确定了组间差异。LM组的身高和体重高于SK组和BSK组球员。在0至36.58米短跑、敏捷性穿梭跑和三锥钻测试中,SK组和BSK组比LM组更快(≤0.009)。SK组的纵跳高度和立定跳远距离更大;LM组产生的纵跳峰值功率更大(≤0.022)。在力量耐力测试中,组间没有差异。与一级联盟的数据相比,大专院校球员体型更小、速度更慢,并且在跳跃测试中表现更差。大专院校橄榄球运动中的位置差异与已有的研究结果相似。大专院校球员应尝试增加体重,并提高速度和下肢力量。

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