1 Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
2 China Youth University for Political Sciences, Beijing, China.
J Interpers Violence. 2019 Jun;34(11):2363-2375. doi: 10.1177/0886260518780777. Epub 2018 Jun 17.
Bullying behaviors have been studied extensively in Western countries; however, no national data exist regarding this issue in contemporary China. Using a sample of 14,536 children in Grades 6, 8, and 10 from public schools in 11 provinces or autonomous regions in rural and urban China, our study assesses the prevalence of bullying behaviors among school-aged children in China and examines the correlation between bullying and psychosocial adjustment. Results indicate that 6.3% of children reported having been bullied in the last 3 months, 2.5% of children admitted to bullying other students, and 2.2% said they were bullied and bullied others in that same time frame. More boys than girls reported bullying others and being victims of bullying. The frequency of bullying is higher in Grades 6 and 8 than in Grade 10. Rural children are more often involved in bullying than their urban counterparts. Perpetrating and being a victim of bullying are associated with poorer psychosocial adjustment, although different patterns are observed among bullies, those bullied, and those who bully others and have been bullied. Health care professionals should be sensitive to bullying behaviors when identifying students with psychosocial maladjustment. Moreover, programs designed to prevent and intervene in school bullying would benefit from a holistic approach.
在中国，欺凌行为在西方国家已经得到了广泛的研究；然而，目前还没有关于当代中国这一问题的全国性数据。本研究使用了来自中国 11 个省（自治区）公立学校 6、8 和 10 年级的 14536 名儿童作为样本，评估了中国学龄儿童欺凌行为的流行程度，并探讨了欺凌行为与心理社会适应之间的相关性。结果表明，在过去 3 个月内，有 6.3%的儿童报告曾遭受欺凌，2.5%的儿童承认欺负过其他学生，2.2%的儿童表示在同一时间段内他们既被欺凌过，也欺负过别人。与女孩相比，更多的男孩报告欺负过别人和遭受过欺凌。在 6 年级和 8 年级，欺凌的频率高于 10 年级。农村儿童比城市儿童更经常参与欺凌行为。欺凌行为的实施者和受害者与较差的心理社会适应有关，尽管在欺凌者、被欺凌者以及欺凌他人和被他人欺凌者之间存在不同的模式。当识别出心理社会适应不良的学生时，医疗保健专业人员应该对欺凌行为保持敏感。此外，旨在预防和干预学校欺凌的项目将受益于整体方法。
