1Département de Génétique Moléculaire Appliquée,Laboratoire de LGMC,Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran 'Mohamed Boudiaf',B.P 1505 El M'Naouar,31000 Oran,Algeria.
2Département de Productions et de Biotechnologies Animales,Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II,10101 Rabat,Morocco.
Animal. 2019 Jan;13(1):8-14. doi: 10.1017/S1751731118001179. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
The local cattle populations belonging to the 'Brune de l'Atlas' cattle in Algeria and Morocco are potential resources in terms of genetic diversity and socioeconomic prevalence and their characterization is an essential step in any program designed to conserve genetic diversity. Our objectives were to assess the genetic diversity, the population structure and relationships among four Algerian cattle breeds, the Biskra, Cheurfa, Chelifienne and Guelmoise and of two Moroccan, the Oulmès-Zaër and Tidili by genotyping 50 309 single nucleotide polymorphism in 203 unrelated animals. A low population structure was observed across breeds with pairwise F ST values ranging from 0.008 to 0.043, suggesting a high level of gene flow. These data were combined with the available data on cattle populations representative of Europe (EUT), West African taurine (WAT) and zebu (ZEB). Principle Components Analysis was carried out which revealed that the Maghrebin populations are closer to the EUT/ZEB population than to the WAT. Structure analysis confirmed this mixed origin of the Maghrebin cattle populations. We also detected the influence of zebu breeds in Cheurfa and Guelmoise populations. This study provides the first information about genetic diversity within and between Algerian and Moroccan cattle populations and gives a detailed description of their genetic structure and relationships according to their historical origins. This study revealed that several combined effects contributed to shape the genetic diversity of the six Maghrebin populations studied: (i) gene flow among local breeds, (ii) the recent introgression of European breeds in local Algerian breeds and (iii) the traditional management systems. The results of this study will primarily assist policy makers and livestock keepers to make useful decisions for improvement of genetic resources while ensuring the preservation and conservation of local breeds in Algeria and Morocco.
阿尔及利亚和摩洛哥的“Brune de l'Atlas”牛的当地牛种群在遗传多样性和社会经济流行方面具有潜在资源，其特征描述是任何旨在保护遗传多样性的计划的重要步骤。我们的目标是评估四个阿尔及利亚牛品种（Biskra、Cheurfa、Chelifienne 和 Guelmoise）和两个摩洛哥品种（Oulmès-Zaër 和 Tidili）的遗传多样性、种群结构和关系，为此，我们对 203 头无亲缘关系的动物进行了 50309 个单核苷酸多态性的基因分型。在品种之间观察到低的种群结构，成对的 F ST 值范围从 0.008 到 0.043，表明有高水平的基因流动。这些数据与代表欧洲（EUT）、西非瘤牛（WAT）和泽布牛（ZEB）的牛种群的现有数据相结合。进行了主成分分析，结果表明，马格里布牛种群与 EUT/ZEB 种群比与 WAT 种群更接近。结构分析证实了马格里布牛种群的这种混合起源。我们还检测到 Cheurfa 和 Guelmoise 种群中泽布牛品种的影响。这项研究首次提供了关于阿尔及利亚和摩洛哥牛种群内和种群间遗传多样性的信息，并根据其历史起源详细描述了它们的遗传结构和关系。这项研究表明，有几个综合因素促成了所研究的六个马格里布牛种群遗传多样性的形成：（i）本地品种之间的基因流动，（ii）欧洲品种最近在本地阿尔及利亚品种中的渗入，（iii）传统的管理系统。这项研究的结果将主要有助于决策者和牲畜饲养者在确保保护和保存阿尔及利亚和摩洛哥本地品种的同时，为遗传资源的改善做出有益的决策。
