Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 Aug 3;111(4):1834-1841. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy112.
The cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a serious pest of several summer crops in hot and dry climates. Its field populations (Asia II-1 biotype) were assessed for their susceptibility to diverse pesticides by using leaf-dip bioassay. There was no or a very low resistance to amitraz, hexythiazox, and pyridaben during 1992-2015. B. tabaci also exhibited no resistance to endosulfan during 1992-1997 and a very low resistance during 1998-2010, which then rose to a low level during 2011-2015. Chlorfenapyr resistance was very low during 1997-2008 and it reached to a high level during 2009-2011 and to a very high level in 2013 and 2015. Among avermectins, abamectin showed a very low resistance up to 2013 but a high resistance in 2015. Emamectin benzoate also demonstrated a very low resistance up to 2010, but a moderate-to-high resistance during 2011-2015. It may be concluded that the diverse chemistries, having novel modes of action and showing no, very low or low levels of resistance, can be substituted in rotation in the wake of resistance development to conventional insecticides.
棉粉虱（Bemisia tabaci）（半翅目：粉虱科）是炎热干旱气候下几种夏季作物的严重害虫。1992 年至 2015 年，通过叶浸生物测定法评估了田间种群（亚洲 II-1 生物型）对不同农药的敏感性。阿维菌素、噻虫嗪和哒螨灵在 1992 年至 2015 年间没有或仅有很低的抗药性。1992 年至 1997 年，硫丹对棉粉虱没有抗性，1998 年至 2010 年仅有很低的抗性，随后在 2011 年至 2015 年上升到低水平。1997 年至 2008 年氯氟氰菊酯的抗性很低，2009 年至 2011 年达到高水平，2013 年和 2015 年达到非常高水平。在阿维菌素中，阿维菌素直到 2013 年才表现出非常低的抗性，但在 2015 年则表现出高抗性。甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐直到 2010 年才表现出非常低的抗性，但在 2011 年至 2015 年期间表现出中至高抗性。可以得出结论，具有不同作用机制且没有、仅有很低或低水平抗性的各种化学物质，可以在常规杀虫剂产生抗性后，进行轮作替代。
