He Fang-Fang, Gong Yi, Li Zhen-Qiong, Wu Liang, Jiang Hua-Jun, Su Hua, Zhang Chun, Wang Yu-Mei
Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;47(3):1274-1286. doi: 10.1159/000490223. Epub 2018 Jun 15.
Transcytosis is an important intracellular transport process by which multicellular organisms selectively move cargoes from apical to basolateral membranes without disrupting cellular homeostasis. In kidney, macromolecular components in the serum, such as albumin, low-density lipoprotein and immunoglobulins, pass through the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) and proximal tubular cells (PTCs) by transcytosis. Protein transcytosis plays a vital role in the pathology of albuminuria, which causes progressive destruction of the GFB structure and function. However, the pathophysiological consequences of protein transcytosis in the kidney remain largely unknown. This article summarizes recent researches on the regulation of albumin transcytosis across the GFB and PTCs in both physiological and pathological conditions. Understanding the mechanism of albumin transcytosis may reveal potential therapeutic targets for prevention or alleviation of the pathological consequences of albuminuria.
转胞吞作用是一种重要的细胞内运输过程，通过该过程多细胞生物能够选择性地将货物从顶端膜转运至基底外侧膜，而不会破坏细胞内稳态。在肾脏中，血清中的大分子成分，如白蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和免疫球蛋白，通过转胞吞作用穿过肾小球滤过屏障（GFB）和近端肾小管细胞（PTC）。蛋白质转胞吞作用在蛋白尿的病理过程中起着至关重要的作用，蛋白尿会导致GFB结构和功能的渐进性破坏。然而，蛋白质转胞吞作用在肾脏中的病理生理后果仍 largely unknown。本文总结了近期关于在生理和病理条件下白蛋白跨GFB和PTC转胞吞作用调控的研究。了解白蛋白转胞吞作用的机制可能会揭示预防或减轻蛋白尿病理后果的潜在治疗靶点。
