Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; Research and Innovation Division, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW2308, Australia.
Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, CRC CARE, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW2308, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Sep 15;636:968-974. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.379. Epub 2018 May 3.
Heavier fraction hydrocarbons (C-C) formed in soil after biotic and abiotic weatherings of engine oil are the continuing constraints in the bioremediation strategy, and their bioavailability remains a poorly quantified regulatory factor. In a microcosm study, we used two strains of Pseudomonas, P. putida TPHK-1 and P. aeruginosa TPHK-4, in strategies of bioremediation, viz., natural attenuation, biostimulation and bioaugmentation, for removal of weathered total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in soil contaminated long-term with high concentrations of engine oil (39,000-41,000 mg TPHs kg soil). Both the bacterial strains exhibited a great potential in remediating weathered hydrocarbons of engine oil. Addition of inorganic fertilizers (NPK), at recommended levels for bioremediation, resulted in significant inhibition in biostimulation/enhanced natural attenuation as well as bioaugmentation. The data on dehydrogenase activity clearly confirmed those of bioremediation strategies used, indicating that this enzyme assay could serve as an indicator of bioremediation potential of oil-contaminated soil. Extraction of TPHs from engine oil-contaminated soil with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD), but not 1-butanol, was found reliable in predicting the bioavailability of weathered hydrocarbons. Also, 454 pyrosequencing data were in accordance with those of bioremediation strategies used in the present microcosm study, suggesting the possible use of pyrosequencing in designing approaches for bioremediation.
土壤中经生物和非生物风化作用形成的较重烃类（C-C）是生物修复策略的持续限制因素，其生物可利用性仍然是一个量化程度较差的监管因素。在一项微宇宙研究中，我们使用了两种假单胞菌菌株，即恶臭假单胞菌 TPHK-1 和铜绿假单胞菌 TPHK-4，采用生物修复策略，即自然衰减、生物刺激和生物增强，来去除长期受高浓度机油（39000-41000 mg TPHs kg 土壤）污染的土壤中风化的总石油烃（TPHs）。这两种细菌菌株在修复风化的机油烃方面都表现出了巨大的潜力。添加无机肥料（NPK），按照生物修复的推荐水平，会导致生物刺激/增强自然衰减以及生物增强的显著抑制。脱氢酶活性数据清楚地证实了所使用的生物修复策略，表明这种酶测定可以作为油污染土壤生物修复潜力的指标。用羟丙基-β-环糊精（HPCD）而不是 1-丁醇从机油污染土壤中提取 TPHs，被发现是可靠的，可预测风化烃类的生物可利用性。此外，454 焦磷酸测序数据与本微宇宙研究中使用的生物修复策略一致，表明焦磷酸测序可用于设计生物修复方法。
