HIV and STI Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
J Infect Dis. 2018 Aug 14;218(6):911-921. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiy249.
The national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program was introduced in England in September 2008 using the bivalent vaccine.
We collected residual vulva-vaginal swab specimens from 16 to 24-year-old women attending for chlamydia screening between 2010 and 2016 and tested for HPV DNA. We compared changes in type-specific (vaccine and nonvaccine) HPV prevalence over time and association with vaccination coverage. For women with known vaccination status, vaccine effectiveness was estimated.
HPV DNA testing was completed for 15459 specimens. Prevalence of HPV16/18 decreased between 2010/2011 and 2016 from 8.2% to 1.6% in 16-18 year olds and from 14.0% to 1.6% in 19-21 year olds. Declines were also seen for HPV31/33/45 (6.5% to 0.6% for 16-18 year olds and 8.6% to 2.6% for 19-21 year olds). Vaccine effectiveness for HPV16/18 was 82.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 60.6%-91.8%) and for HPV31/33/45 was 48.7% (95% CI, 20.8%-66.8%). Prevalence of HPV16/18 was compared to findings in 2007-2008 (prevaccination) and to predictions from Public Health England's mathematical model.
Eight years after the introduction of a national HPV vaccination program, substantial declines have occurred in HPV16/18 and HPV31/33/45. The prevalence of other high-risk HPV types has not changed.
英格兰于 2008 年 9 月推出了国家人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）免疫计划，使用二价疫苗。
我们收集了 2010 年至 2016 年间参加衣原体筛查的 16 至 24 岁女性的剩余外阴阴道拭子标本，并检测 HPV DNA。我们比较了随时间推移的特定类型（疫苗和非疫苗）HPV 流行率的变化，并与疫苗接种覆盖率相关联。对于具有已知疫苗接种状况的女性，估计了疫苗效力。
完成了 15459 份 HPV DNA 检测。HPV16/18 的流行率在 2010/2011 年至 2016 年期间，在 16-18 岁年龄组中从 8.2%降至 1.6%，在 19-21 岁年龄组中从 14.0%降至 1.6%。HPV31/33/45 的下降也很明显（16-18 岁年龄组为 6.5%降至 0.6%，19-21 岁年龄组为 8.6%降至 2.6%）。HPV16/18 的疫苗效力为 82.0%（95%置信区间[CI]，60.6%-91.8%），HPV31/33/45 为 48.7%（95% CI，20.8%-66.8%）。HPV16/18 的流行率与 2007-2008 年（疫苗接种前）的发现进行了比较，并与英国公共卫生署的数学模型的预测进行了比较。
在全国 HPV 疫苗接种计划推出 8 年后，HPV16/18 和 HPV31/33/45 显著下降。其他高危 HPV 类型的流行率没有变化。
