Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall #3114, Berkeley, CA, 94720, U.S.A.
Santa Clara Valley Open Space Authority, 33 Las Colinas Lane, San Jose, CA, 95119, U.S.A.
Conserv Biol. 2018 Dec;32(6):1221-1232. doi: 10.1111/cobi.13158. Epub 2018 Sep 13.
Although a plethora of habitat-connectivity plans exists, protecting and restoring connectivity through on-the-ground action has been slow. We identified challenges to and opportunities for connectivity conservation through a literature review of project implementation, a workshop with scientists and conservation practitioners, 3 case studies of connectivity projects, and interviews with conservation professionals. Connectivity challenges and solutions tended to be context specific, dependent on land-ownership patterns, socioeconomic factors, and the policy framework. Successful connectivity implementation tended to be associated with development and promotion of a common vision among diverse sets of stakeholders, including nontraditional conservation actors, such as water districts and recreation departments, and with communication with partners and the public. Other factors that lead to successful implementation included undertaking empirical studies to prioritize and validate corridors and the identification of related co-benefits of corridor projects. Engaging partners involved in land management and planning, such as nongovernmental conservation organizations, public agencies, and private landowners, is critical to effective strategy implementation. A clear regulatory framework, including unambiguous connectivity conservation mandates, would increase public resource allocation, and incentive programs are needed to promote private sector engagement. Connectivity conservation must move more rapidly from planning to implementation. We provide an evidence-based solution composed of key elements for successful on-the-ground connectivity implementation. We identified the social processes necessary to advance habitat connectivity for biodiversity conservation and resilient landscapes under climate change.
尽管存在大量的生境连接计划，但通过实地行动来保护和恢复连接性的进展缓慢。我们通过项目实施的文献回顾、科学家和保护实践者的研讨会、3 个连通性项目的案例研究以及与保护专业人员的访谈，确定了连通性保护的挑战和机遇。连通性挑战和解决方案往往因具体情况而异，取决于土地所有权模式、社会经济因素和政策框架。成功的连通性实施往往与在不同利益相关者群体（包括非传统保护行为者，如水区和娱乐部门）之间发展和推广共同愿景以及与合作伙伴和公众进行沟通有关。导致成功实施的其他因素包括进行实证研究，以确定走廊的优先级并验证走廊项目的相关共同效益。与参与土地管理和规划的合作伙伴（如非政府保护组织、公共机构和私人土地所有者）合作至关重要，这是有效战略实施的关键。明确的监管框架，包括明确的连通性保护任务，将增加公共资源分配，需要激励计划来促进私营部门的参与。连通性保护必须从规划更快地推进到实施。我们提供了一个基于证据的解决方案，其中包括成功实施实地连通性的关键要素。我们确定了在气候变化下推进生物多样性保护和弹性景观的生境连通性所需的社会进程。
