1 Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan.
2 Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg , Freiburg, Germany .
Tissue Eng Part A. 2018 Nov;24(21-22):1672-1679. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2018.0013. Epub 2018 Sep 6.
Dental implants are an important option for replacement of missing teeth. A major clinical challenge is how best to accelerate bone regeneration and reduce the healing time for functional restoration after implant placement. A sclerostin-neutralizing antibody (Scl-Ab) has been shown to enhance alveolar bone formation and fracture repair. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of systemic administration of Scl-Ab on dental implant osseointegration and bone regeneration in an experimental alveolar ridge tooth extraction model.
To investigate the effects of Scl-Ab on bone regeneration and dental implant osseointegration, an experimental alveolar bone osteotomy rat model was adopted. One month after extraction of maxillary right first molars, osteotomy defects were created at the coronal aspect of each of the extraction sites, and 1 × 2-mm custom titanium implants were installed into the osteotomies. Coincident with implant placement, Scl-Ab was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 25 mg/kg twice weekly for 10-28 days and compared with a vehicle control. Animals were sacrificed 10, 14, and 28 days after surgery, and maxillae were harvested and analyzed by microcomputed tomography (microCT), histology, and histomorphometry.
microCT analysis demonstrated that the maxillary bone volume fraction was approximately 2- to 2.5-fold greater in Scl-Ab-treated animals compared with vehicle alone at days 14 and 28. Consistent with those findings, two-dimensional bone fill percentages within the coronal osteotomy sites were highest in Scl-Ab treatment groups at 28 days. In addition, bone-implant contact at 28 days was approximately twofold greater in the Scl-Ab group compared with the vehicle control.
These results indicate that systemic Scl-Ab administration enhances osseointegration and bone regeneration around dental implants. This approach offers potential as a treatment modality for patients with low bone mass or bone defects to achieve more predictable bone regeneration at alveolar bone defects and to enhance dental implant osseointegration.
种植牙是缺失牙齿的重要修复选择。一个主要的临床挑战是如何最好地加速骨再生并缩短种植体植入后的功能修复愈合时间。骨硬化蛋白中和抗体（Scl-Ab）已被证明可增强牙槽骨形成和骨折修复。本研究旨在探讨系统给予 Scl-Ab 对实验性牙槽嵴拔牙模型中种植牙骨整合和骨再生的影响。
为了研究 Scl-Ab 对骨再生和种植牙骨整合的影响，采用了实验性牙槽骨切开大鼠模型。在上颌右侧第一磨牙拔除后 1 个月，在每个拔牙部位的冠方进行牙槽骨切开，将 1×2mm 定制钛种植体植入骨切开部位。在植入物放置的同时，每周两次皮下给予 Scl-Ab 剂量 25mg/kg，共 10-28 天，并与载体对照进行比较。术后 10、14 和 28 天处死动物，采集上颌骨并进行微计算机断层扫描（microCT）、组织学和组织形态计量学分析。
microCT 分析表明，与单独使用载体相比，Scl-Ab 治疗动物的上颌骨体积分数在第 14 天和第 28 天约增加 2-2.5 倍。与这些发现一致的是，在第 28 天，Scl-Ab 治疗组的冠状骨切开部位的二维骨填充百分比最高。此外，Scl-Ab 组的骨-种植体接触在第 28 天比载体对照组大约增加了两倍。
这些结果表明，系统给予 Scl-Ab 可增强种植牙周围的骨整合和骨再生。这种方法为骨量低或存在骨缺损的患者提供了一种治疗选择，可在牙槽骨缺损处实现更可预测的骨再生，并增强种植牙的骨整合。
