Li Musen Kingsley, Lau Hakwan, Odegaard Brian
Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shunde Building, Beijing, 100084, China.
Department of Psychology, University of California-Los Angeles, 502 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2018 Aug;80(6):1325-1332. doi: 10.3758/s13414-018-1554-3.
While people often think they veridically perceive much of the visual surround, recent findings indicate that when asked to detect targets such as gratings embedded in visual noise, observers make more false alarms in the unattended periphery. Do these results from psychophysics studies generalize to more ecologically valid settings? We used a modern game engine to create a simulated driving environment where participants (as drivers) had to make judgments about the colors of pedestrians' clothing in the periphery. Confirming our hypothesis based on previous psychophysics studies, we found that subjects showed liberal biases for unattended locations when detecting specific colors of pedestrians' clothing. A second experiment showed that this finding was not simply due to a confirmation bias in decision-making when subjects were uncertain. Together, these results support the idea that in everyday visual experience, there is subjective inflation of experienced detail in the periphery, which may happen at the decisional level.
虽然人们通常认为自己能如实感知周围的大部分视觉信息，但最近的研究结果表明，当被要求检测嵌入视觉噪声中的目标（如光栅）时，观察者在未被注意的外周区域会产生更多误报。这些来自心理物理学研究的结果能否推广到更符合生态效度的场景中呢？我们使用了一个现代游戏引擎来创建一个模拟驾驶环境，让参与者（作为驾驶员）必须对外周区域行人衣服的颜色进行判断。基于之前的心理物理学研究证实了我们的假设，我们发现受试者在检测行人衣服的特定颜色时，对未被注意的位置表现出宽松偏差。第二个实验表明，这一发现不仅仅是由于受试者不确定时决策中的确认偏差。这些结果共同支持了这样一种观点，即在日常视觉体验中，外周区域的经验细节存在主观膨胀，这可能发生在决策层面。
