Walters Glenn D, Espelage Dorothy L
Department of Criminal Justice.
Department of Psychology.
Sch Psychol Q. 2018 Dec;33(4):527-536. doi: 10.1037/spq0000240. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
Psychological inertia, the process by which social-cognitive variables help maintain behavioral patterns over time, has been found to explain crime continuity. The present study sought to determine whether psychological inertia can also be used to explain continuity in bullying behavior. A group of 1,161 youth (567 male) from the Illinois Study of Bullying and Sexual Violence were surveyed 3 times over a period of 1 year in an effort to determine which of two dimensions of precriminal cognition-cognitive insensitivity (callous, self-serving) or cognitive impulsivity (reckless, emotional)-mediated the past bullying-future bullying relationship. Consistent with research on crime continuity, cognitive impulsivity mediated bullying continuity, but cognitive insensitivity did not. Congruent with research on psychological inertia and crime continuity, the main reason why cognitive insensitivity did not mediate bullying continuity was that prior bullying behavior failed to predict subsequent cognitive insensitivity. In addition to providing support for a 2-dimensional (insensitivity, impulsivity) model of bullying development, these results suggest that 1 way bullying behavior can be managed is by challenging and reducing cognitive impulsivity, which in the current study was found to be a major contributor to bullying continuity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
心理惯性是指社会认知变量有助于随着时间推移维持行为模式的过程,现已发现它能解释犯罪的持续性。本研究旨在确定心理惯性是否也可用于解释欺凌行为的持续性。对来自伊利诺伊州欺凌与性暴力研究的1161名青少年(567名男性)在1年时间内进行了3次调查,以确定犯罪前认知的两个维度——认知麻木不仁(冷漠、利己)或认知冲动(鲁莽、情绪化)——中哪一个在过去的欺凌行为与未来的欺凌行为之间起中介作用。与关于犯罪持续性的研究一致,认知冲动介导了欺凌行为的持续性,但认知麻木不仁并未起到这种作用。与关于心理惯性和犯罪持续性的研究相符,认知麻木不仁未介导欺凌行为持续性的主要原因是先前的欺凌行为未能预测随后的认知麻木不仁。除了为欺凌行为发展的二维(麻木不仁、冲动)模型提供支持外,这些结果还表明,管理欺凌行为的一种方法是挑战并降低认知冲动,在本研究中,认知冲动被发现是欺凌行为持续性的一个主要促成因素。(《心理学文摘数据库记录》(c)2018美国心理学会,保留所有权利)