Greenwood Pamela M, Schmidt Kevin, Lin Ming-Kuan, Lipsky Robert, Parasuraman Raja, Jankord Ryan
Psychology Department.
Applied Neuroscience Branch.
Neuropsychology. 2018 Nov;32(8):973-984. doi: 10.1037/neu0000470. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
The central role of working memory in IQ and the high heritability of working memory performance motivated interest in identifying the specific genes underlying this heritability. The (formimidoyltransferase cyclodeaminase) gene was identified as a candidate gene for allelic association with working memory in part from genetic mapping studies of mouse Morris water maze performance.
The present study tested variants of this gene for effects on a delayed match-to-sample task of a large sample of younger and older participants.
The rs914246 variant, but not the rs914245 variant, of the gene modulated accuracy in the task for younger, but not older, people under high working memory load. The interaction of haplotype × distance × load had a partial eta squared effect size of 0.015. Analysis of simple main effects had partial eta squared effect sizes ranging from 0.012 to 0.040. A reporter gene assay revealed that the C allele of the rs914246 genotype is functional and a main factor regulating gene expression.
This study extends previous work on the genetics of working memory by revealing that a gene in the glutamatergic pathway modulates working memory in young people but not in older people. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
工作记忆在智商中起核心作用，且工作记忆表现具有高度遗传性，这激发了人们对确定这种遗传性背后具体基因的兴趣。在对小鼠莫里斯水迷宫表现的基因图谱研究中，部分地将（亚胺甲基转移酶环化脱氨酶）基因确定为与工作记忆存在等位基因关联的候选基因。
本研究对该基因的变体进行了测试，以考察其对大量年轻和年长参与者的延迟样本匹配任务的影响。
在高工作记忆负荷下，该基因的rs914246变体而非rs914245变体，调节了年轻人（而非年长者）在任务中的准确性。单倍型×距离×负荷的交互作用的偏 eta 平方效应大小为0.015。简单主效应分析的偏 eta 平方效应大小在0.012至0.040之间。一项报告基因检测显示，rs914246基因型的C等位基因具有功能性，是调节该基因表达的主要因素。
本研究扩展了先前关于工作记忆遗传学的研究，揭示了谷氨酸能通路中的一个基因调节年轻人的工作记忆，但不调节年长者的工作记忆。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2018美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
