Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, U.S.A.
Innovations, John I. Haas, Yakima, WA, 98902.
J Food Sci. 2018 Jul;83(7):1792-1804. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.14202. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
In resource-limited settings, mass food fortification is a common strategy to ensure the population consumes appropriate quantities of essential micronutrients. Food and government organizations in these settings, however, lack tools to monitor the quality and compliance of fortified products and their efficacy to enhance nutrient status. The World Health Organization has developed general guidelines known as ASSURED (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and Robust, Equipment-free, and Deliverable to end-users) to aid the development of useful diagnostic tools for these settings. These guidelines assume performance aspects such as sufficient accuracy, reliability, and validity. The purpose of this systematic narrative review is to examine the micronutrient sensor literature on its adherence towards the ASSURED criteria along with accuracy, reliability, and validation when developing micronutrient sensors for resource-limited settings. Keyword searches were conducted in three databases: Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus and were based on 6-point inclusion criteria. A 16-question quality assessment tool was developed to determine the adherence towards quality and performance criteria. Of the 2,365 retrieved studies, 42 sensors were included based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results showed that improvements to the current sensor design are necessary, especially their affordability, user-friendliness, robustness, equipment-free, and deliverability within the ASSURED criteria, and accuracy and validity of the additional criteria to be useful in resource-limited settings. Although it requires further validation, the 16-question quality assessment tool can be used as a guide in the development of sensors for resource-limited settings.
在资源有限的情况下，大规模食品强化是确保人群摄入适量必需微量营养素的常见策略。然而，这些环境中的食品和政府组织缺乏监测强化产品质量和合规性及其增强营养状况功效的工具。世界卫生组织制定了一般准则，称为 ASSURED（负担得起、敏感、具体、用户友好、快速和稳健、无设备、可交付给最终用户），以帮助为这些环境开发有用的诊断工具。这些准则假设了性能方面，如足够的准确性、可靠性和有效性。本系统叙述性综述的目的是检查微量营养素传感器文献，以了解其在资源有限的情况下开发微量营养素传感器时对 ASSURED 标准以及准确性、可靠性和验证的遵守情况。在三个数据库中进行了关键字搜索：Web of Science、PubMed 和 Scopus，并基于 6 点纳入标准。开发了一个 16 个问题的质量评估工具，以确定对质量和性能标准的遵守情况。在检索到的 2,365 项研究中，根据纳入/排除标准，有 42 种传感器被纳入。结果表明，需要改进当前的传感器设计，特别是在负担得起、用户友好、稳健、无设备和可交付性方面，以及在 ASSURED 标准内的额外标准的准确性和有效性，以使其在资源有限的环境中有用。尽管它需要进一步验证，但 16 个问题的质量评估工具可用作资源有限环境中传感器开发的指南。
