Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.
Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.
Surgery. 2018 Sep;164(3):571-576. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.05.003. Epub 2018 Jun 19.
Identifying factors that impact progression of surgery trainees into academic versus non-academic practices may permit tailoring residency experiences to promote academic careers in institutions charged with the training of future surgeon scientists. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with progression of surgery trainees into academic versus non-academic practice.
A survey was distributed to 135 surgeons graduating from the University of Virginia residency program from 1964-2016, a single academic institution. Questions addressed practice type, research productivity, work/life balance, mentorship, and overall sentiment toward research and academic surgery. A 5-point Likert scale measured career satisfaction and influence of factors in practice setting choice.
Of the 135 surveys that were electronically distributed, 69 participants responded (response rate: 51%). Of the 54 with known current practice types, 34 (63%) were academic and 20 (37%) non-academic. Academic surgeons reported more publications by the conclusion of surgery training (56% vs 25% with >10 publications, P = .02). More academic surgeons reported >$100,000 in student debt at graduation (44% vs 25%, P < .05). Factors encouraging an academic career were similar for both types of surgeons, including involvement in education of trainees and access to mentorship. Both groups were discouraged from an academic practice by requirements of grant-writing and funding responsibilities. Surgeons in academic practice were more likely to recommend surgery as a career to a current medical student (100% vs 70%, P = .001).
This knowledge may help to tailor training experiences to promote academic careers. By supporting funding mechanisms and grant-writing programs, while encouraging mentorship and productive research experiences, current surgical trainees may be more enthusiastic about a career in academic practice.
确定影响外科住院医师向学术或非学术实践发展的因素，可能使住院医师的经验适应促进学术职业的发展，以培养未来的外科科学家。本研究的目的是确定与外科住院医师向学术与非学术实践发展相关的因素。
向 1964 年至 2016 年期间在弗吉尼亚大学住院医师项目毕业的 135 名外科医生（单一学术机构）分发了一份调查问卷。问卷问题涉及实践类型、研究生产力、工作/生活平衡、指导以及对研究和学术手术的总体看法。采用 5 点李克特量表来衡量职业满意度和影响实践选择的因素。
在电子分发的 135 份调查中，有 69 名参与者做出了回应（回应率：51%）。在已知当前实践类型的 54 人中，34 人（63%）为学术型，20 人（37%）为非学术型。学术外科医生在完成外科培训时报告的出版物更多（56% vs 25%有>10 篇出版物，P = 0.02）。更多的学术外科医生报告在毕业时有超过 100,000 美元的学生债务（44% vs 25%，P < 0.05）。鼓励学术职业的因素对两种类型的外科医生都相似，包括参与培训生的教育和获得指导。写赠款和资金责任这两个因素都使他们不愿意从事学术实践。从事学术实践的外科医生更有可能向当前的医学生推荐外科医生作为职业（100% vs 70%，P = 0.001）。
这些知识可能有助于调整培训经验，以促进学术职业。通过支持资金机制和写赠款计划，同时鼓励指导和富有成效的研究经验，当前的外科住院医师可能会更热衷于从事学术实践。
