Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Escuela Politecnica Superior, Universidad de Alcala, Campus Universitario, Ctra. de Madrid a Barcelona km 33.600, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2018 Jun 21;18(7):1982. doi: 10.3390/s18071982.
This paper proposes a low-profile textile-modified meander line Inverted-F Antenna (IFA) with variable width and spacing meanders, for Industrial Scientific Medical (ISM) 2.4-GHz Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN), optimized with a novel metaheuristic algorithm. Specifically, a metaheuristic known as Coral Reefs Optimization with Substrate Layer (CRO-SL) is used to obtain an optimal antenna for sensor systems, which allows covering properly and resiliently the 2.4⁻2.45-GHz industrial scientific medical bandwidth. Flexible pad foam has been used to make the designed prototype with a 1.1-mm thickness. We have used a version of the algorithm that is able to combine different searching operators within a single population of solutions. This approach is ideal to deal with hard optimization problems, such as the design of the proposed meander line IFA. During the optimization phase with the CRO-SL, the proposed antenna has been simulated using CST Microwave Studio software, linked to the CRO-SL by means of MATLAB implementation and Visual Basic Applications (VBA) code. We fully describe the antenna design process, the adaptation of the CRO-SL approach to this problem and several practical aspects of the optimization and details on the algorithm’s performance. To validate the simulation results, we have constructed and measured two prototypes of the antenna, designed with the proposed algorithm. Several practical aspects such as sensitivity during the antenna manufacturing or the agreement between the simulated and constructed antenna are also detailed in the paper.
本文提出了一种具有可变宽度和间距曲折线的低剖面纺织改良曲折线倒 F 天线（IFA），用于工业科学医疗（ISM）2.4-GHz 无线体域网（WBAN），采用新型元启发式算法进行了优化。具体来说，使用一种名为珊瑚礁优化与衬底层（CRO-SL）的元启发式算法来获得传感器系统的最佳天线，该算法允许在 2.4⁻2.45-GHz 工业科学医疗带宽内进行适当和弹性覆盖。使用柔性垫泡沫来制作具有 1.1-mm 厚度的设计原型。我们使用了一种能够在单个解决方案种群中组合不同搜索运算符的算法版本。这种方法非常适合处理硬优化问题，例如提出的曲折线 IFA 的设计。在使用 CRO-SL 的优化阶段，使用 CST 微波工作室软件对所提出的天线进行了模拟，通过 MATLAB 实现和 Visual Basic Applications（VBA）代码与 CRO-SL 相关联。我们全面描述了天线设计过程、CRO-SL 方法对该问题的适应性以及优化的几个实际方面以及算法性能的详细信息。为了验证仿真结果，我们使用所提出的算法构建并测量了两个天线原型。本文还详细介绍了天线制造过程中的灵敏度以及模拟和构建天线之间的一致性等几个实际方面。
