Adolescent Substance Use and Addiction Program, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, 88 East Newton Street, Vose Hall Room 322, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, 2nd Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Grayken Center for Addiction, 850 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Grayken Center for Addiction, 850 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2018 Jul;102(4):603-620. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2018.02.015.
Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) have unique needs and important biopsychosocial differences when compared with older adults who use substances. As their brains continue to develop, youth are especially susceptible to the reinforcing effects of substances in the context of a still-developing capacity for executive control and decision making. In this article, the authors highlight key differences in the neurobiologic, epidemiologic, and relational aspects of substance use found in AYA. They also discuss how best to engage with youth who use substances and how prevention and intervention can be adapted for optimal effectiveness for this distinct and high-risk population.
青少年和年轻人（AYAs）与使用物质的老年人相比，具有独特的需求和重要的生物心理社会差异。由于他们的大脑仍在发育，因此在执行控制和决策能力仍在发展的情况下，年轻人特别容易受到物质的强化作用的影响。在本文中，作者强调了 AYA 中物质使用的神经生物学、流行病学和关系方面的关键差异。他们还讨论了如何最好地与使用物质的年轻人接触，以及如何为这一独特且高风险的人群调整预防和干预措施以实现最佳效果。
