Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK.
Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK.
Sci Rep. 2018 Jun 22;8(1):9550. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25511-8.
Given the increasing demand for wheat which is forecast, cropping of wheat in short rotations will likely remain a common practice. However, in temperate wheat growing regions the soil-borne fungal pathogen Gaeumannomyces tritici becomes a major constraint on productivity. In cultivar rotation field experiments on the Rothamsted Farm (Hertfordshire, UK) we demonstrated a substantial reduction in take-all disease and grain yield increases of up to 2.4 tonnes/ha when a low take-all inoculum building wheat cultivar was grown in the first year of wheat cropping. Phenotyping of 71 modern elite wheat cultivars for the take-all inoculum build-up trait across six diverse trial sites identified a few cultivars which exhibited a consistent lowering of take-all inoculum build-up. However, there was also evidence of a significant interaction effect between trial site and cultivar when a pooled Residual Maximum Likelihood (REML) procedure was conducted. There was no evidence of an unusual rooting phenotype associated with take-all inoculum build-up in two independent field experiments and a sand column experiment. Together our results highlight the complex interactions between wheat genotype, environmental conditions and take-all inoculum build-up. Further work is required to determine the underlying genetic and mechanistic basis of this important phenomenon.
鉴于对小麦的需求不断增加，预计小麦的短期轮作仍将是一种常见做法。然而，在温带小麦种植区，土壤传播的真菌病原体禾谷丝核菌（Gaeumannomyces tritici）成为生产力的主要制约因素。在罗瑟姆斯特德农场（英国赫特福德郡）的田间轮作试验中，我们证明了当在小麦种植的第一年种植低带小麦品种时，小麦全蚀病的发病率显著降低，产量增加了高达 2.4 吨/公顷。在六个不同试验点对 71 个现代优质小麦品种进行全蚀病接种体积累性状的表型分析，发现了少数几个品种的全蚀病接种体积累量持续降低。然而，当采用 pooled Residual Maximum Likelihood (REML) 程序进行分析时，也有证据表明试验点和品种之间存在显著的相互作用效应。在两个独立的田间试验和沙柱试验中，没有发现与全蚀病接种体积累相关的异常根系表型的证据。我们的研究结果强调了小麦基因型、环境条件和全蚀病接种体积累之间的复杂相互作用。需要进一步的工作来确定这一重要现象的潜在遗传和机制基础。
