Department of Psychology, Claremont McKenna College, 850 Columbia Ave, Claremont, CA, USA.
Department of Counseling & Psychology, Lesley University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Sep;267:215-220. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.008. Epub 2018 Jun 8.
In recent years, empirical studies have shown that the inability to tolerate distress is associated with a wide range of negative outcomes including eating addiction, drug abuse, alcohol use, and antisocial behavior in adults. However, few studies have examined family correlates of this ability in children. Also, past literature on child emotional competencies has mainly focused on documenting the linkages between mother and child and has neglected the role of fathers. Children (N = 54, M age = 10.15 years, SD = 1.02; 55.6% males) and their parents participated. Parents reported on their emotion regulation strategies and children reported on their depressive symptoms. Distress tolerance (DT) was assessed using the computerized distress tolerance task, the Behavioral Indicator of Resiliency to Distress. Children who were able to complete the BIRD had lower levels of depression. Analyses examining relations among father and mother emotion regulation and children's DT showed children's DT is more closely related to their mothers' than fathers' emotion regulation styles. These findings suggest that DT is an important construct in understanding children's psychopathology, but also that maternal emotion regulation is associated with children's distress tolerance.
近年来，实证研究表明，无法忍受痛苦与一系列负面后果有关，包括成年人的饮食成瘾、药物滥用、酗酒和反社会行为。然而，很少有研究调查儿童在这方面的家庭相关性。此外，过去关于儿童情绪能力的文献主要集中在记录母子之间的联系上，而忽视了父亲的作用。研究共纳入了 54 名儿童（M 年龄=10.15 岁，SD=1.02；男性占 55.6%）及其父母。父母报告了他们的情绪调节策略，儿童报告了他们的抑郁症状。使用计算机化的痛苦容忍度任务“行为挫折耐受指示器”（BIRD）评估痛苦容忍度（DT）。能够完成 BIRD 的儿童抑郁水平较低。分析考察了父母情绪调节与儿童 DT 之间的关系，结果表明儿童 DT 与其母亲的情绪调节风格比父亲的更为密切相关。这些发现表明，DT 是理解儿童精神病理学的一个重要概念，但母亲的情绪调节也与儿童的痛苦容忍度有关。
