Krzych-Fałta Edyta, Furmańczyk Konrad, Piekarska Barbara, Raciborski Filip, Tomaszewska Aneta, Walkiewicz Artur, Samel-Kowalik Piotr, Borowicz Jacek, Namysłowski Andrzej, Samoliński Bolesław Krzysztof
Department of Environmental Hazard Prevention and Allergology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2018 Jun 20;25(2):268-273. doi: 10.26444/aaem/80596. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
The study aimed to assess the effect of fur-bearing pets, including cats and dogs, on the health of individuals with allergic conditions.
The study group comprised 18,617 individuals (16,562 from urban and 2,055 from rural areas). The tool used in the study was the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) study questionnaire, adapted to European conditions (Middle and Eastern Europe) and used as part of the study Implementation of a System for the Prevention and Early Detection of Allergic Diseases in Poland.
The factors determining the keeping of fur-bearing pets in a household included a larger living space and the number of cigarettes smoked, which were observed especially in urban settings. The keeping of fur-bearing animals in rural areas acts preventively against allergic conditions, while in urban areas, these animals were a factor clearly aggravating symptoms of bronchial asthma - the risk of cough (OR 1.921; CI 10-3.36; P=0.02) and wheezing (OR 2.60; CI 1.22-5.54; P=0.01).
Fur-bearing animals kept in rural settings exhibit preventive effects on the development of allergies; whereas in urban areas they exacerbate allergic symptoms, especially the symptoms of bronchial asthma.
本研究旨在评估包括猫和狗在内的有毛宠物对过敏体质个体健康的影响。
研究组包括18617名个体（16562名来自城市，2055名来自农村）。研究中使用的工具是欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查（ECRHS）和国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）调查问卷，该问卷已根据欧洲情况（中东欧）进行了调整，并作为波兰过敏疾病预防和早期检测系统实施研究的一部分使用。
家庭中饲养有毛宠物的决定因素包括居住空间较大和吸烟数量较多，这在城市环境中尤为明显。在农村地区饲养有毛动物对过敏疾病有预防作用，而在城市地区，这些动物是明显加重支气管哮喘症状的一个因素——咳嗽风险（比值比1.921；可信区间1.03 - 3.36；P = 0.02）和喘息风险（比值比2.60；可信区间1.22 - 5.54；P = 0.01）。
在农村环境中饲养的有毛动物对过敏的发生具有预防作用；而在城市地区，它们会加重过敏症状，尤其是支气管哮喘的症状。
