Svanes Cecilie, Heinrich Joachim, Jarvis Deborah, Chinn Susan, Omenaas Ernst, Gulsvik Amund, Künzli Nino, Burney Peter
Section of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen and Department of Medicine, Haraldsplass Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003 Aug;112(2):289-300. doi: 10.1067/mai.2003.1596.
Whether pet-keeping early in life protects against or promotes allergy remains unclear.
Our aim was to examine the effects of childhood pet-keeping on adult allergic disease in a large international population-based study, including information on sensitization, adult pet-keeping, and pet prevalence in the populations.
We used information from structured interviews (n = 18,530) and specific IgE to common aeroallergens in blood samples (n = 13,932) from participants in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) to analyze the associations between keeping pets and adult asthma and hay fever.
Keeping cats in childhood was associated with asthma only among atopic subjects, an association that varied between centers (P =.002) and was stronger where cats where less common (< 40% cats: odds ratio(wheeze) [OR(wheeze)] = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.31-2.57; 40%-60% cats: OR(wheeze) = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.10-1.61; > or =60% cats: OR(wheeze) = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.73-1.33). Dogs owned in childhood or adulthood were associated with asthma among nonatopic subjects (childhood: OR(wheeze) = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.13-1.46; adulthood: OR(wheeze) = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.14-1.51; both: OR(wheeze) = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.40-2.04). In atopic subjects, those who had owned dogs in childhood had less hay fever (OR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.73-0.98) and no increased risk of asthma (OR(wheeze) = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.87-1.17). Respiratory symptoms were more common in subjects who had owned birds during childhood (OR(wheeze) = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.02-1.23) independent of sensitization.
The effects of pet-keeping in childhood varied according to the type of pet, the allergic sensitization of the individual, and the wider environmental exposure to allergen. Cats owned in childhood were associated with more asthma in sensitized adults who grew up in areas with a low community prevalence of cats. Dogs owned in childhood seemed to protect against adult allergic disease but promote nonallergic asthma.
儿童期早期饲养宠物是预防还是促发过敏尚不清楚。
在一项大型国际人群研究中，我们旨在研究儿童期饲养宠物对成人过敏性疾病的影响，包括致敏、成人饲养宠物及人群中宠物患病率的相关信息。
我们利用欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查（ECRHS）参与者的结构化访谈信息（n = 18,530）和血液样本中针对常见气传变应原的特异性IgE信息（n = 13,932），分析饲养宠物与成人哮喘和花粉症之间的关联。
儿童期养猫仅在特应性个体中与哮喘相关，这种关联在各中心之间存在差异（P = 0.002），在猫较少见的地区更强（猫<40%：喘息比值比[OR（喘息）]= 1.84，95%可信区间= 1.31 - 2.57；猫40% - 60%：OR（喘息）= 1.33，95%可信区间= 1.10 - 1.61；猫≥60%：OR（喘息）= 0.98，95%可信区间= 0.73 - 1.33）。儿童期或成年期养狗在非特应性个体中与哮喘相关（儿童期：OR（喘息）= 1.28，95%可信区间= 1.13 - 1.46；成年期：OR（喘息）= 1.31，95%可信区间= 1.14 - 1.51；两者皆有：OR（喘息）= 1.69，95%可信区间= 1.40 - 2.04）。在特应性个体中，儿童期养过狗的人患花粉症较少（OR = 0.85；95%可信区间= 0.73 - 0.98）且哮喘风险未增加（OR（喘息）= 1.01，95%可信区间= 0.87 - 1.17）。儿童期养过鸟的人呼吸道症状更常见（OR（喘息）= 1.12；95%可信区间= 1.02 - 1.23），与致敏无关。
儿童期饲养宠物的影响因宠物类型、个体的过敏致敏情况以及更广泛的环境变应原暴露而异。儿童期养猫与在社区猫患病率低的地区长大的致敏成人中更多的哮喘相关。儿童期养狗似乎可预防成人过敏性疾病，但会促发非过敏性哮喘。
