Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur. Ciudad Obregón, Sonora 85000, Mexico.
Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur. Ciudad Obregón, Sonora 85000, Mexico.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2018 Aug 15;1092:386-393. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.06.017. Epub 2018 Jun 15.
Pig farming is an important activity in the economic development of Mexico with millions of tons of meat produced annually. Antibiotics are used in therapeutic dose to prevent diseases, and sometimes as growth promoters. These compounds are not completely metabolized; they are carried into the environment in its active form at concentrations that could induce antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which could be transferred to human pathogens by horizontal gene transfer. The objective of this work was to develop methods of analysis for simultaneous quantification of the antibiotics Oxytetracycline (OXT), Chlortetracycline (CLT), Enrofloxacin (ENRO) and Ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) by field-amplified sampling injection in capillary zone electrophoresis (FASI-CZE). The method was validated by parameters of (1) linearity, obtaining a lineal range of 0.05 at 1 μg mL for ENRO and CIPRO, and from 0.1 to 1 μg mL for OXT and CLT; (2) precision, obtaining values <5% of standard deviation for CIPRO and ENRO and <10% of standard deviation for OXT and CLT; (3) accuracy, with recovery values from 93 to 115%; (4) selectivity, with values of resolution >2 for the all antibiotics tested. To prove the method, a sample of wastewater from a local pig farm was analyzed, detecting a concentration of 0.140 ± 0.009 for OXT. This concentration was higher than the minimal selective concentration, indicating the point in which resistance to a determined antibiotic could develop. The methods were validated with precision and sensitivity comparable to chromatographic methods, which can be used to analyze wastewater from pig farms directly.
养猪业是墨西哥经济发展中的一项重要活动，每年生产数百万吨肉类。抗生素以治疗剂量用于预防疾病，有时也用作生长促进剂。这些化合物不能完全代谢；它们以活性形式被带入环境中，浓度足以诱导细菌产生抗生素耐药性，这些耐药性可以通过水平基因转移转移到人类病原体。这项工作的目的是开发同时分析抗生素土霉素（OXT）、金霉素（CLT）、恩诺沙星（ENRO）和环丙沙星（CIPRO）的方法，通过场放大采样进样在毛细管区带电泳（FASI-CZE）中进行定量。该方法通过以下参数进行验证：（1）线性，ENRO 和 CIPRO 的线性范围为 0.05 at 1μg/mL，OXT 和 CLT 的线性范围为 0.1 至 1μg/mL；（2）精密度，CIPRO 和 ENRO 的标准偏差<5%，OXT 和 CLT 的标准偏差<10%；（3）准确度，回收率为 93%至 115%；（4）选择性，所有测试抗生素的分辨率值>2。为了证明该方法的有效性，分析了当地养猪场的废水样品，检测到 OXT 的浓度为 0.140±0.009。该浓度高于最小选择性浓度，表明可能会产生对特定抗生素的耐药性。该方法的精密度和灵敏度可与色谱方法相媲美，可直接用于分析养猪场的废水。
