出生季节：中年早期 ADHD 症状的预测因素。
Season of birth: A predictor of ADHD symptoms in early midlife.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, 215 Lexington Ave., 15th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, 215 Lexington Ave., 15th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA.
出版信息
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Sep;267:243-248. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.05.056. Epub 2018 Jun 6.
OBJECTIVE
In this longitudinal study, we applied linear regression analyses to examine season of birth as related to symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in early midlife.
METHOD
We gathered longitudinal data on a prospective cohort of community-dwelling men and women (N = 548) followed from adolescence to early midlife.
FINDINGS
The findings indicate that, as compared with participants who were born in the summer, those who were born in the spring (Beta = 0.34; t-statistic = 3.59; p < 0.001) had significantly more ADHD symptoms. In addition, exposure to maternal cigarette smoking in adolescence significantly intensified (p < 0.01) the association between season of birth and ADHD symptoms in early midlife.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that exposure to greater maternal maladaptive behaviors, such as cigarette smoking, may result in a greater vulnerability to other environmental risk factors, such as season of birth.
目的
在这项纵向研究中，我们应用线性回归分析来研究出生季节与中年早期注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状的关系。
方法
我们收集了一项对社区居住的男性和女性进行的前瞻性队列研究的纵向数据，这些人从青春期到中年早期一直被跟踪。
结果
研究结果表明，与夏季出生的参与者相比，春季出生的参与者（β=0.34；t 统计量=3.59；p<0.001）的 ADHD 症状明显更多。此外，青春期暴露于母亲吸烟会显著加剧（p<0.01）出生季节与中年早期 ADHD 症状之间的关联。
结论
这些发现表明，接触更多的母亲适应不良行为，如吸烟，可能会导致对其他环境风险因素（如出生季节）的更大易感性。
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