Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Transl Behav Med. 2019 Mar 1;9(2):187-201. doi: 10.1093/tbm/iby059.
Mindfulness in health care professionals (HCPs) is often discussed as a tool for improving patient care outcomes, yet there has not been a critical evaluation of the evidence, despite a growing body of research on mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). Numerous mechanisms exist by which mindfulness in HCPs may have an effect on patient care, and the field lacks an integrated model to guide future investigations into how MBIs may exert effects. The primary goals of this integrative review are to evaluate the evidence for the impact of MBIs in HCPs on patient care outcomes and to propose a causal model to guide future research. Databases were systematically searched for eligible studies investigating either an MBI or a measure of dispositional mindfulness in HCPs on patient care outcomes. Studies were critically evaluated using a previously developed tool. Twenty-six studies were identified (N = 1,277), which provide strong support for effects of mindfulness on HCP-reported patient care. Moderate support was found for patient safety, patient treatment outcomes, and patient-centered care. There was overall weak evidence to support a relationship between HCP-mindfulness on patient satisfaction. Mindfulness in HCPs may be related to several aspects of patient care.
医护人员（HCPs）的正念常常被讨论为改善患者护理结果的工具，但尽管有越来越多的基于正念的干预（MBIs）研究，却没有对证据进行批判性评估。正念可以通过许多机制对患者护理产生影响，而该领域缺乏一个综合模型来指导未来关于 MBIs 如何发挥作用的研究。本综合评价的主要目标是评估 MBIs 对 HCP 患者护理结果的影响的证据，并提出一个因果模型来指导未来的研究。系统地搜索了数据库，以寻找调查 HCP 中正念的干预或衡量方法对患者护理结果的影响的合格研究。使用以前开发的工具对研究进行了批判性评估。确定了 26 项研究（N = 1,277），这些研究为正念对 HCP 报告的患者护理的影响提供了强有力的支持。对患者安全、患者治疗结果和以患者为中心的护理有中等程度的支持。总体而言，正念对患者满意度的相关性的证据较弱。HCP 的正念可能与患者护理的几个方面有关。
