Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Oral Dis. 2018 Nov;24(8):1484-1491. doi: 10.1111/odi.12924. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
To evaluate clinical, demographic, and histopathological characteristics of pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa.
A cross-sectional study was conducted over a 64-year period. Information was collected from medical charts, and all archived histopathological specimens with diagnoses of any pigmented lesion were retrieved. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.
A total of 34,127 archived specimens were reviewed, revealing 458 (1.34%) pigmented lesions, of which 230 were melanocytic and 228 nonmelanocytic. Most patients were females (74.2%), white-skinned (49.1%), in the third and seventh decades of life (mean of 45 years). Most lesions were macular (59.8%), followed by plaques and nodules (4.8%), measuring 0-5 mm (41.9%). Cheek mucosa (21.0%), alveolar mucosa (16.6%), and gingiva (11.8%) were the most commonly affected sites. Amalgam tattoo was applied in 212 cases (46.3%), followed by melanotic macule (22.9%) and nevus (20.5%). Other diagnoses included racial pigmentation, exogenous pigmentation, melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy, melanoma, melanoacanthoma, smoker's melanosis, and heavy metal pigmentation.
Pigmented lesions represent an uncommon diagnosis in oral pathology routines. The most frequent entities are amalgam tattoo, melanotic macule, and nevus. Patients are usually middle-aged women presenting a small, long-lasting, macular lesion on the cheek mucosa.
评估口腔黏膜色素病变的临床、人口统计学和组织病理学特征。
进行了一项跨越 64 年的横断面研究。从病历中收集信息，并检索所有存档的具有任何色素病变诊断的组织病理学标本。使用 SPSS 软件进行统计分析。
共回顾了 34127 份存档标本，发现 458 例（1.34%）色素病变，其中 230 例为黑素细胞性，228 例为非黑素细胞性。大多数患者为女性（74.2%），白种人（49.1%），年龄在第三和第七个十年（平均 45 岁）。大多数病变为斑片状（59.8%），其次为斑块和结节（4.8%），大小为 0-5mm（41.9%）。颊黏膜（21.0%）、牙槽黏膜（16.6%）和牙龈（11.8%）是最常受累的部位。银汞合金纹身在 212 例中应用（46.3%），其次是色素斑（22.9%）和痣（20.5%）。其他诊断包括种族性色素沉着、外源性色素沉着、婴儿黑素神经外胚层瘤、黑色素瘤、黑素棘皮瘤、烟民色素沉着和重金属色素沉着。
色素病变在口腔病理学常规中是一种不常见的诊断。最常见的实体是银汞合金纹、色素斑和痣。患者通常为中年女性，在颊黏膜上出现小而持久的斑片状病变。
