Buchner A, Hansen L S
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1979 Sep;48(3):244-9. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(79)90011-2.
A series of 105 cases of melanotic macule of the oral mucosa is analyzed, both clinically and histologically. In most patients the melanotic macule was a solitary lesion, and the most common location was the vermilion border, followed by the gingiva. Histologically, the melanotic macule is characterized by increased pigmentation in either the basal-cell layer, the lamina propria (mainly within melanophages), or in both locations. It is suggested that the term melanotic macule be reserved for lesions in which there is a definite clinicopathologic correlation between a clinically pigmented macule and the aforementioned histologic features and that the term focal melanosis be used only as a histologic designation when these features appear in clinically nonpigmented pathologic conditions.
对105例口腔黏膜黑斑进行了临床和组织学分析。大多数患者的黑斑为单发损害，最常见的部位是唇红缘，其次是牙龈。组织学上，黑斑的特征是基底层、固有层（主要在噬黑素细胞内）或两个部位的色素沉着增加。建议将“黑斑”一词保留用于临床色素沉着斑与上述组织学特征之间存在明确临床病理相关性的病变，而当这些特征出现在临床无色素沉着的病理情况下时，“局灶性黑色素沉着”一词仅用作组织学名称。
