Andler R, Guignard R, Spilka S, Le Nézet O, Pasquereau A, Richard J-B, Nguyen-Thanh V
Santé publique France, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France.
Santé publique France, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France.
Rev Mal Respir. 2018 Jun;35(6):673-685. doi: 10.1016/j.rmr.2018.01.008. Epub 2018 Jun 23.
The aim of the article is to present a summary of current knowledge on tobacco smoking in France available through representative population surveys.
Smoking is very common in France as more than a quarter (28.7%) of 15-75years old individuals reported daily smoking in 2016. The rate is also high among 15-year-old (14.6%) and half of them (51.8%) have already smoked one cigarette. Since the 1970s, sex differences in smoking behaviour are narrowing. More recently, since 2000, smoking prevalence has tended to decrease among the most advantaged individuals but to increase among less advantaged ones. These social inequalities, which are becoming more and more pronounced, are being observed from smoking initiation, often before the age of 18. Daily users of E-cigarettes represent 2.5% of individuals from 15-75 years in France. They are also tobacco smokers (58.8%) or former smokers (41.2%).
Taking social inequalities in health into consideration, notably regarding smoking initiation, is a key challenge in the fight against smoking.
It is essential to strengthen efforts to decrease the rate of smoking in France. The 2017 Health Barometer and Escapad surveys will allow evaluation of the public policies implemented in 2016 and determine whether they have had an impact on the image of smoking and on smoking rates.
本文旨在通过具有代表性的人口调查，对法国目前有关吸烟的知识进行总结。
吸烟在法国非常普遍，2016年超过四分之一（28.7%）的15至75岁人群报告称每天吸烟。15岁人群中的吸烟率也很高（14.6%），其中一半（51.8%）已经吸过一支烟。自20世纪70年代以来，吸烟行为的性别差异正在缩小。最近，自2000年以来，在最具优势的人群中吸烟率趋于下降，但在较不具优势的人群中有所上升。这些日益明显的社会不平等现象在吸烟开始时就已出现，往往在18岁之前。在法国，电子烟的日常使用者占15至75岁人群的2.5%。他们也是吸烟者（58.8%）或曾经吸烟者（41.2%）。
考虑到健康方面的社会不平等，尤其是在吸烟开始方面，是控烟斗争中的一项关键挑战。
必须加强努力以降低法国的吸烟率。2017年健康晴雨表和Escapad调查将评估2016年实施的公共政策，并确定它们是否对吸烟形象和吸烟率产生了影响。
