Kwon Hyemi, Jung Jin Hyung, Han Kyung Do, Park Yong Gyu, Cho Jung Hwan, Lee Da Young, Han Ji Min, Park Se Eun, Rhee Eun Jung, Lee Won Young
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2018 Jun;33(2):260-267. doi: 10.3803/EnM.2018.33.2.260.
The incidence of thyroid nodules has increased worldwide in recent years. Thyroid dysfunction is a potential risk factor for hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, arrhythmia, and neuropsychiatric disease. This study investigated the prevalence and annual incidence of thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism in Koreans.
In this nationwide population-based cohort study, 51,834,660 subjects were included using the National Health Information database from 2006 to 2015, after the exclusion of subjects with thyroid cancer.
The prevalence in Korea in 2015 of thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism in patients taking thyroid hormone, and hyperthyroidism in patients undergoing treatment was 15.82/1,000 population, 15.94/1,000 population, and 2.76/1,000 population, respectively. All these diseases were more prevalent among women than among men. The number of incident cases of these three thyroid diseases steadily increased from 2006 to 2012, and then decreased through 2015. The incidence of thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism treated with thyroid hormone, and treated hyperthyroidism was 6.79/1,000 population, 1.76/1,000 population, and 0.55/1,000 population, respectively, in Korea in 2015. The use of methimazole continuously increased, from 33% of total antithyroid drug prescriptions in 2006 to 74.4% in 2015, and it became the most frequently prescribed antithyroid drug in Korea. In contrast, the use of propylthiouracil continuously decreased.
This was the first nationwide study of the prevalence and annual incidence of thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism to take into account recent changes and to include the current status of patients receiving treatment.
近年来，全球范围内甲状腺结节的发病率呈上升趋势。甲状腺功能障碍是高胆固醇血症、心血管疾病、骨质疏松症、心律失常和神经精神疾病的潜在危险因素。本研究调查了韩国人甲状腺结节、甲状腺功能减退和甲状腺功能亢进的患病率及年发病率。
在这项基于全国人群的队列研究中，排除甲状腺癌患者后，使用2006年至2015年的国家健康信息数据库纳入了51834660名受试者。
2015年韩国甲状腺结节、服用甲状腺激素患者的甲状腺功能减退以及接受治疗患者的甲状腺功能亢进的患病率分别为每1000人中有15.82例、15.94例和2.76例。所有这些疾病在女性中的患病率均高于男性。这三种甲状腺疾病的发病例数从2006年至2012年稳步增加，然后在2015年有所下降。2015年韩国甲状腺结节、用甲状腺激素治疗的甲状腺功能减退以及治疗后的甲状腺功能亢进的发病率分别为每1000人中有6.79例、1.76例和0.55例。甲巯咪唑的使用持续增加，从2006年占抗甲状腺药物处方总数的33%增至2015年的74.4%，并成为韩国最常开具的抗甲状腺药物。相比之下，丙硫氧嘧啶的使用持续减少。
这是第一项在全国范围内研究甲状腺结节、甲状腺功能减退和甲状腺功能亢进的患病率及年发病率的研究，考虑到了近期的变化并纳入了接受治疗患者的现状。
