Mujtaba Tamjid, Lawrence Martin, Oliver Mary, Reiss Michael J
UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK.
Natural History Museum, London, UK.
Stud Sci Educ. 2018 Mar 15;54(1):41-67. doi: 10.1080/03057267.2018.1442820. eCollection 2018.
This review examines how natural history museums (NHMs) can enhance learning and engagement in science, particularly for school-age students. First, we describe the learning potential of informal science learning institutions in general, then we focus on NHMs. We review the possible benefits of interactions between schools and NHMs, and the potential for NHMs to teach about challenging issues such as evolution and climate change and to use digital technologies to augment more traditional artefacts. We conclude that NHMs can provide students with new knowledge and perspectives, with impacts that can last for years. Through visits and their on-line presence, NHMs can help students see science in ways that the school classroom rarely can, with opportunities to meet scientists, explore whole topic exhibitions, engage with interactive displays and employ digital technologies both and to support learning in the school science classroom. Although these interactions have the potential to foster positive cognitive, affective and social outcomes for students, there is a lack of reliable measures of the impact of NHM experiences for students. Opportunities to foster relationships between NHM staff and teachers through professional development can help articulate shared goals to support students' learning and engagement.
本综述探讨了自然历史博物馆（NHMs）如何增强科学学习与参与度，尤其是对学龄学生而言。首先，我们总体描述非正式科学学习机构的学习潜力，然后聚焦于自然历史博物馆。我们回顾了学校与自然历史博物馆互动可能带来的益处，以及自然历史博物馆在教授诸如进化和气候变化等具有挑战性的问题，以及利用数字技术增强更传统文物展示方面的潜力。我们得出结论，自然历史博物馆可以为学生提供新知识和新视角，其影响可能持续数年。通过参观及其在线展示，自然历史博物馆可以帮助学生以学校课堂很少能做到的方式看待科学，有机会结识科学家、探索整个主题展览、参与互动展示，并利用数字技术来支持学校科学课堂的学习。尽管这些互动有可能为学生带来积极的认知、情感和社会成果，但缺乏对自然历史博物馆体验对学生影响的可靠衡量标准。通过专业发展促进自然历史博物馆工作人员与教师之间关系的机会，有助于明确共同目标，以支持学生的学习与参与。
