D C Harvey Cliff J, Schofield Grant M, Williden Micalla, McQuillan Joseph A
Human Potential Centre, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand.
Health, Sport and Human Performance, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
J Nutr Metab. 2018 May 22;2018:2630565. doi: 10.1155/2018/2630565. eCollection 2018.
Medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) are ketogenic and might reduce adverse effects of keto-induction and improve time to ketosis and the tolerability of very low carbohydrate diets. This study investigates whether MCT supplementation improves time to nutritional ketosis (NK), mood, and symptoms of keto-induction. We compared changes in beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB), blood glucose, symptoms of keto-induction, and mood disturbance, in 28 healthy adults prescribed a ketogenic diet, randomised to receive either 30 ml of MCT, or sunflower oil as a control, three times per day, for 20 days. The primary outcome measured was the achievement of NK (≥0.5 mmol·L BOHB). Participants also completed a daily Profile of Mood States and keto-induction symptom questionnaire. MCT resulted in higher BOHB at all time points and faster time to NK, a result that failed to reach significance. Symptoms of keto-induction resulted from both diets, with a greater magnitude in the control group, except for abdominal pain, which occurred with greater frequency and severity in the MCT-supplemented diet. There was a effect on symptoms by MCT, but the effect on mood was . Based on these results, MCTs increase BOHB compared with LCT and reduce symptoms of keto-induction. It is unclear whether MCTs significantly improve mood or time to NK. The trial was registered by the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12616001099415.
中链甘油三酯（MCTs）具有生酮作用，可能会减轻生酮诱导的不良反应，缩短达到酮症的时间，并提高极低碳水化合物饮食的耐受性。本研究调查补充MCT是否能缩短达到营养性酮症（NK）的时间、改善情绪以及减轻生酮诱导的症状。我们比较了28名采用生酮饮食的健康成年人的β-羟基丁酸（BOHB）、血糖、生酮诱导症状和情绪障碍的变化情况，这些参与者被随机分为两组，一组每天三次，每次服用30毫升MCT，另一组服用葵花籽油作为对照，持续20天。测量的主要结果是达到NK（≥0.5毫摩尔·升BOHB）。参与者还每天完成一份情绪状态量表和生酮诱导症状问卷。MCT在所有时间点都导致更高的BOHB水平，且达到NK的时间更快，尽管这一结果未达到显著水平。两种饮食都会引发生酮诱导症状，对照组的症状更严重，但腹痛除外，腹痛在补充MCT的饮食组中出现的频率更高、程度更严重。MCT对症状有影响，但对情绪的影响不明确。基于这些结果，与长链甘油三酯（LCT）相比，MCT可提高BOHB水平并减轻生酮诱导症状。目前尚不清楚MCT是否能显著改善情绪或缩短达到NK的时间。该试验已在澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册中心注册，注册号为ACTRN12616001099415。
