College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Jingxuan West Road No. 57, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, China.
College of Information Science and Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Yantai North Road No. 80, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, China.
Anim Genet. 2018 Aug;49(4):291-302. doi: 10.1111/age.12675. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Dogs were domesticated by human and originated from wolves. Their evolutionary relationships have attracted much scientific interest due to their genetic affinity but different habitats. To identify the differences between dogs and wolves associated with domestication, we analysed the blood transcriptomes of wolves and dogs by RNA-Seq. We obtained a total of 30.87 Gb of raw reads from two dogs and three wolves using RNA-Seq technology. Comparisons of the wolf and dog transcriptomes revealed 524 genes differentially expressed genes between them. We found that some genes related to immune function (DCK, ICAM4, GAPDH and BSG) and aerobic capacity (HBA1, HBA2 and HBB) were more highly expressed in the wolf. Six differentially expressed genes related to the innate immune response (CCL23, TRIM10, DUSP10, RAB27A, CLEC5A and GCH1) were found in the wolf by a Gene Ontology enrichment analysis. Immune system development was also enriched only in the wolf group. The ALAS2, HMBS and FECH genes, shown to be enriched by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, were associated with the higher aerobic capacity and hypoxia endurance of the wolf. The results suggest that the wolf might have greater resistance to pathogens, hypoxia endurance and aerobic capacity than dogs do.
狗是由人类驯化而来的，起源于狼。由于它们的遗传亲和力但不同的栖息地，它们的进化关系引起了很多科学兴趣。为了确定与驯化相关的狗和狼之间的差异，我们通过 RNA-Seq 分析了狼和狗的血液转录组。我们使用 RNA-Seq 技术从两只狗和三只狼中总共获得了 30.87 Gb 的原始读数。对狼和狗转录组的比较显示，它们之间有 524 个差异表达基因。我们发现，一些与免疫功能（DCK、ICAM4、GAPDH 和 BSG）和有氧能力（HBA1、HBA2 和 HBB）相关的基因在狼中表达水平更高。通过基因本体论富集分析，我们在狼中发现了六个与先天免疫反应相关的差异表达基因（CCL23、TRIM10、DUSP10、RAB27A、CLEC5A 和 GCH1）。免疫系统发育也仅在狼组中富集。京都基因与基因组百科全书分析表明，ALAS2、HMBS 和 FECH 基因与狼的较高有氧能力和耐缺氧能力有关。结果表明，与狗相比，狼可能具有更强的抗病原体、耐缺氧和有氧能力。
