Cardoso-Brito Vinícius, Raposo Ana Cláudia S, Pires Thaís T, Pinna Melissa H, Oriá Arianne P
School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, Federal University of Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, Brazil.
Fundação Centro Brasileiro de Proteção e Pesquisa das Tartarugas Marinhas (Fundação Pró-Tamar), Salvador, Brazil.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2019 May;22(3):246-255. doi: 10.1111/vop.12584. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
To describe the aerobic conjunctival bacterial flora of 3 especies of free-living and under human care sea turtles and determine its antimicrobial susceptibility in vitro.
Thirty-six sea turtles (72 eyes), juveniles and adults, 7 free-living Chelonia mydas and 8 Chelonia mydas, 4 Caretta caretta, 11 Eretmochelys imbricata, and 6 Lepidochelys olivacea under human care, were evaluated. Conjunctival cultures were collected for identification of aerobic bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility testing for ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, neomycin, oxacillin, polymyxin B, tetracycline, and tobramycin using antibiotic disks. Bacterial strains showing no sensitivity to 4 or more antimicrobials were considered multiresistant to this panel.
Bacterial growth was observed in 12/14 (85.71%) samples in the free-living sea turtles, and there was growth in 100% (58/58) of the samples from captive animals. There were 94 strains isolated and 15 species identified. There was a predominance of Gram-positive bacteria in free-living Chelonia mydas, most of which were Bacillus and Staphylococcus. The most commonly isolated Gram-negative species were enterobacteria for free-living and under human care animals. The strains were predominantly sensitive to ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, and less sensitive to oxacillin or polymyxin B. Ten multiresistant strains were isolated. Yeast were identified in 13.89% (10/72) of the samples.
These results, showing differences in the conjunctival bacterial flora of free-living and captive animals, may be helpful for diagnosis and treatment of ocular disorders in sea turtles.
描述3种自由生活及人工饲养海龟的需氧结膜菌群，并在体外测定其抗菌药敏性。
对36只海龟（72只眼）进行评估，包括幼龟和成年龟，其中7只自由生活的绿海龟、8只绿海龟、4只蠵龟、11只玳瑁和6只人工饲养的太平洋丽龟。采集结膜培养物以鉴定需氧菌，并使用抗生素纸片对环丙沙星、氯霉素、庆大霉素、新霉素、苯唑西林、多粘菌素B、四环素和妥布霉素进行抗菌药敏试验。对4种或更多种抗菌药物不敏感的细菌菌株被认为对该组药物多重耐药。
在自由生活的海龟中，12/14（85.71%）的样本中观察到细菌生长，人工饲养动物的样本中有100%（58/58）生长。共分离出94株菌株，鉴定出15个菌种。自由生活的绿海龟中革兰氏阳性菌占优势，其中大多数是芽孢杆菌和葡萄球菌。自由生活及人工饲养动物中最常分离出的革兰氏阴性菌是肠杆菌。这些菌株主要对环丙沙星和妥布霉素敏感，对苯唑西林或多粘菌素B较不敏感。分离出10株多重耐药菌株。在13.89%（10/72）的样本中鉴定出酵母菌。
这些结果显示了自由生活和人工饲养动物结膜菌群的差异，可能有助于海龟眼部疾病的诊断和治疗。
