Hunter Elizabeth G, Kearney Pamalyn J
Elizabeth G. Hunter, PhD, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Graduate Center for Gerontology, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington;
Pamalyn J. Kearney, EdD, OTR/L, is Program Director and Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA.
Am J Occup Ther. 2018 Jul/Aug;72(4):7204190050p1-7204190050p9. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2018.031062.
We examined the effectiveness of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy to improve the performance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) for community-dwelling older adults.
We searched and examined the literature (2008 through 2016) using four electronic databases. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were critically appraised and synthesized.
Analysis revealed four thematic areas: cognitive, self-management, prevention, and home-based multidisciplinary rehabilitation interventions. Strong evidence supports the use of tailored, multidisciplinary, home-based care programs to support older adults to maintain IADL improvements over time and the use of cognitive interventions to improve memory, executive function, functional status, and everyday problem solving. In addition, strong evidence indicates that tailored home-based preventive sessions were beneficial to mediate functional disability and satisfaction with performance.
Evidence supports tailored interventions designed to enhance IADL performance. More studies are needed that focus on IADLs specifically and that use IADLs in their interventions.
我们研究了职业治疗范围内的干预措施对改善社区居住老年人日常生活工具性活动（IADL）表现的有效性。
我们使用四个电子数据库检索并审查了文献（2008年至2016年）。十四项研究符合纳入标准，并进行了严格的评估和综合分析。
分析揭示了四个主题领域：认知、自我管理、预防和居家多学科康复干预。有力证据支持使用量身定制的多学科居家护理计划，以帮助老年人随着时间推移维持IADL改善情况，以及使用认知干预来改善记忆、执行功能、功能状态和日常问题解决能力。此外，有力证据表明，量身定制的居家预防课程有利于调节功能残疾和对表现的满意度。
证据支持旨在提高IADL表现的量身定制干预措施。需要开展更多专门关注IADL且在干预中使用IADL的研究。
